Fig. 3
Effects of cWP on P. vulgaris variety Black Valentine, U. appendiculatus (rust) spores, and A. thaliana. (a) Autofluorescence (transillumination 366 nm) of P. savastanoi pv. phaseolicola race 8 (R8) 4 days after inoculation on Black Valentine bean leaves sprayed with water 24 h prior to inoculation. (b) Autofluorescence (transillumination 366 nm) of R8 4 days after inoculation on Black Valentine sprayed with 300 µM cWP 24 h prior to inoculation. [There is no perceptible difference in spread of R8 between (a) and (b)]. (c) Average number of U. appendiculatus race 41 pustules on water-treated or 300 µM cWP-treated Black Valentine. Leaves were inoculated 24 h after cWP or water treatment. Three trials were performed (p-values are for t-test comparisons of numbers of pustules; error bars represent standard deviation; n = 16). (d) Signs of U. appendiculatus race 41 disease (rust pustules) on primary leaves of Black Valentine treated with water or 300 µM cWP. (e) U. appendiculatus race 41 spore germlings on a glass slide sprayed with 300 µM cWP. (f) U. appendiculatus race 41 spore germlings on a glass slide sprayed with water. (g) Lack of U. appendiculatus race 41 spore germlings on a glass slide sprayed with 5% cycloheximide. (h) Statistically significant Log2 normalized transcript abundance counts of genes in Black Valentine leaves 24 h after 300 µM cWP or water treatment. FC is fold-change for cWP vs. water (n = 4). Genes with corresponding proteins induced by benzothiadiazole treatment of Black Valentine leaves are marked with an asterisk. (i) Mean chromatographic peak areas of compounds found by tandem mass spectrometry in A. thaliana treated with 300 µM cWP or water (p-values are for t-test comparisons of normalized peak areas; error bars represent standard deviation; n = 6).
