Table 2 Variation of input and output parameters.

From: Simultaneous prediction and optimisation of rock fragmentation and ground vibration using an ANN–RF ensemble in open-pit blasting

Parameter

Type

Unit

Symbol

Min

Max

Spacing

Input

m

S

8

9

Burden

Input

m

B

7

8

Stemming length

Input

m

T

7

8

Hole depth

Input

m

L

14.90

16.10

Hole diameter

Input

mm

D

165

311

Distance from the blast face

input

m

DI

80.162

2426.738

Maximum charge per delay

input

kg

C

402.3

1,529.5

Powder factor

Input

Kg/m3

Pf

0.57

0.78

Rock factor

Input

Rf

3.26

6.15

Blastability index

Input

BI

24

70

Ground vibration

Output

mm/s

Gv

0.217

6.336

Fragmentation

Output

%

Fr

70

81