Table 8 Statistical indicators from ML regressor models.

From: Parametric optimization of FSAM-Fabricated Al7075/Graphene/B4C hybrid composites using a Taguchi-ensemble machine learning framework

Parameters

Metric

Random Forest

Gradient Boosting

Extra Trees

UTS

Train R²

0.99794

0.99943

0.99737

Test R²

0.98315

0.99229

0.98161

Train RMSE

0.60155

0.315

0.67742

Test RMSE

1.65129

1.10283

1.71339

Train MAE

0.48027

0.24733

0.54089

Test MAE

1.32714

0.90121

1.42051

Train MAPE

0.00123

0.00064

0.00139

Test MAPE

0.0034

0.00232

0.00364

Hardness

Train R²

0.99835

0.99959

0.99802

Test R²

0.98644

0.99266

0.98577

Train RMSE

0.31504

0.15669

0.34473

Test RMSE

0.8563

0.63674

0.87139

Train MAE

0.24738

0.1233

0.26192

Test MAE

0.69714

0.48518

0.70949

Train MAPE

0.00174

0.00087

0.00184

Test MAPE

0.00491

0.00345

0.00501

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