Table 1 Hyperparameters setting.

From: Heat exchanger pipe orifice recognition using an improved YOLOv5 model integrated with dual attention mechanisms

Parameter name

Parameter value

Input resolution

Batch size

512 × 512

8

warmup_epochs

(0.0,5.0)

Initial learning rate

(1e-5, 1e-1)

Optimizer

SGD

Momentum

(0.3,0.98)

Weight decay coefficient

(0.0,0.001)