Figure 2

Effects of menin-MLL inhibitors against cholesteatoma in vivo. (a) Schematic description of the method for administration of menin-MLL inhibitors in vivo. The menin-MLL inhibitors (BMF-219, VTP50469, MI-463, MI-2, 5 μM or 50 μM each) were administered by topical administration on seven consecutive days against KGF-induced cholesteatoma. Before and after administration of menin-MLL inhibitors, otoendoscopic examination (Otoendoscopic Exam) and micro-computed tomography (CT) scanning were performed. (b) Otoendoscopic view of the tympanic membrane in the KGF-expression vector-transfected ears before (Pre) and after (Post Day 7) administration of menin-MLL inhibitors (BMF-219, VTP50469, MI-463, MI-2). Before menin-MLL inhibitors are administered, cholesteatoma (dashed circle) forms in the ears of a mouse (Pre). After administration of menin-MLL inhibitors in the ear, the reduction of cholesteatoma (arrows) was indicated (Post Day 7). Horizontal sections of micro-CT images of the temporal bones of the mouse in the KGF-expression vector-transfected ears before (Pre) and after (Post Day 7) administration of menin-MLL inhibitors (BMF-219, VTP50469, MI-463, MI-2). The soft tissue density area is shown in gray, and the aeration area is shown in black. Red square, left ear; Blue square, right ear. (c) Results of the calculation of the volume of soft tissue density area of the red or blue squares. Data shown are mean ± SD (n = 3). **, p < 0.01, *, p < 0.05, ns, not significant (one-way analysis of variance test, followed by Dunnett’s tests for normally distributed data). Pre, before administration of menin-MLL inhibitors, Post, Day 7 after administration of menin-MLL inhibitors.