Fig. 11 | Scientific Reports

Fig. 11

From: Efficacy of malic and tartaric acid in mitigation of cadmium stress in Spinacia oleracea L. via modulations in physiological and biochemical attributes

Fig. 11

Pearson’s correlation for all studied parameters of S. oleracea plants treated with foliar spray of malic acid (MA) and tartaric acid (TA) in control and Cd spiked conditions. (Various abbreviations used are as follows; RL; root length, RFW; root fresh weight, RDW; root dry weight, SL; shoot length, SFW; shoot fresh weight, SDW; shoot dry weight, nL; number of leaves, LA; leaf area, Chl; chlorophyll, RWC; relative water content, Pn; net photosynthesis rate, Tr; transpiration rate, gs: stomatal conductance, Ci: intercellular CO2, SPAD; soil plant analysis development value, Fv/Fm; maximum quantum efficiency of PSII, TSP; total soluble proteins, MDA; malondialdehyde, H2O2; hydrogen peroxide, RMP; relative membrane permeability, CAT; catalase, POD; peroxidase, APX; ascorbate peroxidase, SOD; superoxide dismutase, K; potassium, Ca; calcium, Cd; cadmium).

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