Fig. 12 | Scientific Reports

Fig. 12

From: Efficacy of malic and tartaric acid in mitigation of cadmium stress in Spinacia oleracea L. via modulations in physiological and biochemical attributes

Fig. 12

Principle component analysis for all studied parameters of S. oleracea plants treated with foliar spray of malic acid (MA) and tartaric acid (TA) in control and Cd spiked conditions. (A) bar graph for percentage of explained variances, (B) PCA biplot. (Various abbreviations used are same as given in Fig. 11. Dots with numbers 1–12 represented different treatments applied in this experiment. Where; 1 = Control, 2 = 100 µM malic acid, 3 = 150 µM malic acid, 4 = 100 µM tartaric acid, 5 = 150 µM tartaric acid, 6 = 100 µM Cd stress, 7 = 6 + 2, 8 = 6 + 3, 9 = 6 + 4, 10 = 6 + 5).

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