Fig. 2
From: Fluid flow impacts endothelial-monocyte interactions in a model of vascular inflammatory fibrosis
The manufacturable flow insert is biocompatible with endothelial culture and reproduces physiological cytoskeletal remodeling with fluidic shear stress. (a) Live/dead assay results of ECs cultured in either the manufactured or in-house insert showing comparable viability after 24 h of static culture in the flow channel (Live = green, Dead = red). (b) The peristaltic pump flow setup contains media reservoirs that serve as pulse dampeners on either side of the fluidic hToC device. (c) Phase images of ECs cultured in the fluidic hToC for 24 h of either static culture or physiological fluidic shear stress of 1.5 or 10 dynes/cm2. Black arrows indicate direction of flow. ECs were stained for F-actin to visualize cytoskeletal remodeling in response to flow. Radar plots quantify cell alignment relative to the flow direction. (d) Schematic demonstrating the definition of alignment angle, which is calculated as the angle between the flow axis and long axis of the cell. Quantification of percent of aligned cells, where alignment angle < 30º or > 150º is considered aligned along the flow axis. Increasing shear stress resulted in an increasing number of aligned cells. One-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post-hoc test was used, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.
