Fig. 3

(a) The coupling force on the two particles; (b) \(G(\varepsilon )\) for different \(\alpha\) with \(\tau = 0.1\), \(m = 1.0\), \(\gamma = 1.0\), \(\omega = 1.0\), \(\Omega = 1.0\), \(\sigma ^2 = 0.5\), \(\lambda = 0.1\); (c) \(G(\varepsilon )\) for different \(\tau\) with \(\alpha = 0.5\), \(m = 1.0\), \(\gamma = 1.0\), \(\omega = 1.0\), \(\Omega = 1.0\), \(\sigma ^2 = 0.5\), \(\lambda = 0.1\); (d) \(G(\varepsilon )\) for different \(\sigma ^2\) with \(\alpha = 0.5\), \(\tau = 0.1\), \(m = 1.0\), \(\gamma = 1.0\), \(\omega = 1.5\), \(\Omega = 0.8\pi\), \(\sigma ^2 = 0.04\), \(\lambda = 0.1\).