Table 2 Numbers and ASRs per 100,000 cases of incidence of esophageal cancer in 1990 and 2019, along with the ralative changes and AAPC in ASRs per 100,000 cases from 1990–2019, categorized by global, SID and GBD regions.
Characteristic | Number in 1990 (95% CI) | Age-standardized Rate in 1990 (95% CI) | Number in 2019 (95% CI) | Age-standardized Rate in 2019 (95% CI) | Relative change of numbers from 1990 to 2019(%) | Relative change of age-standardized rate from 1990 to 2019(%) | AAPC (Age-standardized Rate, 95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Global | 319,969 (253,395 to 351,210) | 8.1 (6.4 to 8.8) | 534,563 (466,513 to 595,342) | 6.5 (5.7 to 7.2) | 67.07 | -19.28 | -0.75 (-0.85 to -0.65) | < 0.001 |
High SDI | 52,157 (50,608 to 53,200) | 5.1 (4.9 to 5.2) | 95,911 (86,719 to 105,092) | 5.2 (4.7 to 5.7) | 83.89 | 2.45 | 0.03 (-0.06 to 0.12) | 0.552 |
High-middle SDI | 86,734 (73,335 to 95,038) | 8.1 (6.9 to 8.8) | 145,267 (113,247 to 169,316) | 7.1 (5.5 to 8.2) | 67.49 | -12.64 | -0.5 (-0.74 to -0.26) | < 0.001 |
Middle SDI | 136,240 (81,440 to 157,389) | 13.5 (8.1 to 15.5) | 205,237 (164,588 to 237,934) | 8.4 (6.7 to 9.7) | 50.64 | -37.57 | -1.66 (-1.81 to -1.5) | < 0.001 |
Low-middle SDI | 30,394 (26,887 to 39,269) | 5.1 (4.5 to 6.5) | 59,864 (52,707 to 84,056) | 4.4 (3.9 to 6.2) | 96.96 | -13.83 | -0.51 (-0.66 to -0.36) | < 0.001 |
Low SDI | 14,366 (11,901 to 16,558) | 6 (5 to 6.9) | 28,132 (23,219 to 33,412) | 5.4 (4.5 to 6.4) | 95.83 | -10.52 | -0.38 (-0.44 to -0.32) | < 0.001 |
Andean Latin America | 386 (325 to 436) | 2 (1.6 to 2.2) | 827 (670 to 1,021) | 1.5 (1.2 to 1.9) | 114.37 | -22.86 | -0.87 (-1.36 to -0.39) | < 0.001 |
Australasia | 1,076 (1,024 to 1,120) | 4.6 (4.4 to 4.8) | 2,192 (1,767 to 2,707) | 4.4 (3.5 to 5.5) | 103.66 | -3.72 | -0.25 (-0.39 to -0.12) | < 0.001 |
Caribbean | 985 (921 to 1,062) | 3.8 (3.6 to 4.1) | 1,920 (1,641 to 2,200) | 3.7 (3.2 to 4.2) | 94.99 | -3.7 | 0 (-0.08 to 0.07) | 0.969 |
Central Asia | 6,415 (6,206 to 6,653) | 13.8 (13.3 to 14.3) | 4,834 (4,274 to 5,679) | 6.7 (6 to 7.8) | -24.65 | -51.48 | -2.45 (-2.65 to -2.25) | < 0.001 |
Central Europe | 4,277 (4,165 to 4,386) | 2.9 (2.8 to 3) | 5,853 (5,109 to 6,664) | 2.9 (2.5 to 3.3) | 36.84 | -0.16 | -0.02 (-0.21 to 0.17) | 0.804 |
Central Latin America | 1,909 (1,838 to 1,965) | 2.4 (2.3 to 2.5) | 3,869 (3,281 to 4,511) | 1.7 (1.4 to 1.9) | 102.65 | -30.54 | -1.29 (-1.63 to -0.95) | < 0.001 |
Central Sub-Saharan Africa | 2,482 (1,149 to 3,296) | 10.8 (5 to 14.3) | 4,431 (2,378 to 6,020) | 8.4 (4.5 to 11.6) | 78.54 | -22.38 | -0.87 (-1 to -0.74) | < 0.001 |
East Asia | 176,236 (114,354 to 205,921) | 20.5 (13.4 to 23.7) | 284,908 (220,166 to 338,886) | 13.7 (10.6 to 16.3) | 61.66 | -33 | -1.4 (-1.54 to -1.25) | < 0.001 |
Eastern Europe | 12,165 (11,699 to 12,875) | 4.3 (4.1 to 4.5) | 11,086 (9,669 to 12,604) | 3.2 (2.8 to 3.7) | -8.87 | -23.92 | -0.79 (-1.64 to 0.06) | 0.07 |
Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa | 8,438 (6,393 to 9,881) | 11.2 (8.5 to 13) | 16,391 (12,431 to 20,713) | 10 (7.7 to 12.6) | 94.25 | -10.3 | -0.38 (-0.51 to -0.25) | < 0.001 |
High-income Asia Pacific | 13,198 (12,650 to 13,571) | 6.5 (6.2 to 6.7) | 25,159 (21,213 to 29,616) | 5.7 (4.8 to 6.8) | 90.63 | -12.19 | -0.53 (-0.67 to -0.39) | < 0.001 |
High-income North America | 13,204 (12,784 to 13,565) | 3.9 (3.7 to 4) | 26,162 (22,461 to 30,594) | 4.2 (3.6 to 5) | 98.14 | 9.36 | 0.26 (0.17 to 0.35) | < 0.001 |
North Africa and Middle East | 4,371 (3,077 to 5,236) | 2.5 (1.8 to 3) | 10,024 (7,415 to 11,436) | 2.4 (1.8 to 2.7) | 129.34 | -7.21 | -0.25 (-0.32 to -0.18) | < 0.001 |
Oceania | 63 (47 to 89) | 2.2 (1.7 to 3.1) | 147 (110 to 196) | 2.2 (1.7 to 2.9) | 132.82 | -1.42 | -0.08 (-0.13 to -0.02) | 0.004 |
South Asia | 25,604 (22,501 to 32,082) | 4.5 (4 to 5.7) | 53,488 (46,152 to 72,051) | 3.8 (3.3 to 5.1) | 108.9 | -16.48 | -0.58 (-0.78 to -0.38) | < 0.001 |
Southeast Asia | 7,090 (6,040 to 8,059) | 2.7 (2.4 to 3.1) | 15,543 (13,193 to 18,202) | 2.5 (2.2 to 3) | 119.22 | -7.5 | -0.27 (-0.41 to -0.14) | < 0.001 |
Southern Latin America | 3,382 (3,259 to 3,495) | 7.4 (7.1 to 7.7) | 3,945 (3,158 to 4,943) | 4.7 (3.8 to 5.9) | 16.64 | -36.7 | -1.61 (-1.86 to -1.35) | < 0.001 |
Southern Sub-Saharan Africa | 3,724 (2,788 to 4,579) | 13.3 (9.9 to 16.5) | 5,941 (5,316 to 6,943) | 10.7 (9.6 to 12.3) | 59.56 | -19.92 | -0.64 (-1.07 to -0.21) | 0.004 |
Tropical Latin America | 6,131 (5,908 to 6,371) | 6.7 (6.4 to 6.9) | 12,684 (11,993 to 13,294) | 5.2 (4.9 to 5.4) | 106.88 | -22.4 | -0.88 (-0.99 to -0.76) | < 0.001 |
Western Europe | 26,996 (26,237 to 27,496) | 4.8 (4.7 to 4.9) | 40,174 (35,133 to 45,706) | 4.6 (4.1 to 5.3) | 48.82 | -3.99 | -0.23 (-0.29 to -0.18) | < 0.001 |
Western Sub-Saharan Africa | 1,838 (1,584 to 2,145) | 2.1 (1.8 to 2.4) | 4,986 (3,776 to 5,992) | 2.7 (2.1 to 3.2) | 171.31 | 28.85 | 0.89 (0.78 to 0.99) | < 0.001 |
