Table 4 Numbers and ASRs per 100,000 cases of DALYs of esophageal cancer in 1990 and 2019, along with the ralative changes and AAPC in ASRs per 100,000 cases from 1990–2019, categorized by global, SID and GBD regions.
Characteristic | Number in 1990 (95% CI) | Age-standardized Rate in 1990 (95% CI) | Number in 2019 (95% CI) | Age-standardized rate in 2019 (95% CI) | Relative change of numbers from 1990 to 2019(%) | Relative change of age-standardized rate from 1990 to 2019(%) | AAPC (Age-standardized rate, 95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Global | 8,208,267 (6,334,289 to 9,075,711) | 199.3 (154.2 to 220) | 11,666,017 (10,378,747 to 12,938,949) | 139.8 (124.4 to 155) | 42.13 | -29.85 | -1.23 (-1.32 to -1.14) | < 0.001 |
High SDI | 1,116,159 (1,091,372 to 1,135,517) | 111.3 (108.9 to 113.2) | 1,653,972 (1,570,861 to 1,731,345) | 95.8 (91.4 to 100.5) | 48.18 | -13.88 | -0.52 (-0.6 to -0.45) | < 0.001 |
High-middle SDI | 2,235,279 (1,851,568 to 2,479,332) | 203 (168.2 to 224.7) | 3,105,596 (2,487,365 to 3,596,286) | 151 (121.2 to 174.7) | 38.94 | -25.59 | -1.06 (-1.26 to -0.86) | < 0.001 |
Middle SDI | 3,574,428 (2,120,546 to 4,144,035) | 330.1 (194.3 to 382.9) | 4,485,644 (3,737,169 to 5,192,821) | 175.2 (145.4 to 202.5) | 25.49 | -46.94 | -2.19 (-2.31 to -2.08) | < 0.001 |
Low-middle SDI | 863,275 (763,527 to 1,104,285) | 132 (117 to 169) | 1,611,655 (1,433,392 to 2,250,321) | 111.3 (99 to 155.7) | 86.69 | -15.69 | -0.58 (-0.72 to -0.44) | < 0.001 |
Low SDI | 417,176 (342,900 to 481,147) | 159.6 (131.3 to 183.2) | 805,543 (662,160 to 973,246) | 141.1 (116.5 to 168.9) | 93.09 | -11.59 | -0.42 (-0.48 to -0.36) | < 0.001 |
Andean Latin America | 9,890 (8,331 to 11,215) | 46.7 (39.4 to 53) | 18,839 (15,081 to 23,638) | 33.4 (26.9 to 42) | 90.49 | -28.48 | -1.14 (-1.66 to -0.61) | < 0.001 |
Australasia | 22,212 (21,393 to 23,001) | 95.5 (91.9 to 98.9) | 39,885 (36,426 to 43,385) | 85.2 (78 to 92.4) | 79.57 | -10.78 | -0.39 (-0.62 to -0.17) | 0.001 |
Caribbean | 24,294 (22,600 to 26,553) | 92.4 (86 to 100.7) | 47,316 (40,107 to 54,718) | 90.7 (76.9 to 104.8) | 94.76 | -1.79 | 0.11 (0.02 to 0.19) | 0.012 |
Central Asia | 170,813 (165,262 to 177,210) | 351.7 (340.4 to 365.7) | 129,818 (114,167 to 153,552) | 164.8 (145.6 to 193.1) | -24 | -53.15 | -2.57 (-2.8 to -2.35) | < 0.001 |
Central Europe | 115,388 (112,612 to 118,310) | 78.1 (76.2 to 80) | 143,701 (124,717 to 164,319) | 74.7 (64.5 to 85.3) | 24.54 | -4.37 | -0.19 (-0.4 to 0.02) | 0.071 |
Central Latin America | 48,243 (46,833 to 49,490) | 56 (54.1 to 57.5) | 90,775 (76,781 to 107,044) | 38 (32.1 to 44.8) | 88.16 | -32.17 | -1.4 (-1.76 to -1.03) | < 0.001 |
Central Sub-Saharan Africa | 72,458 (33,619 to 94,381) | 285.6 (132.7 to 372.7) | 127,510 (68,514 to 172,764) | 215.2 (115.5 to 294) | 75.98 | -24.65 | -0.97 (-1.11 to -0.83) | < 0.001 |
East Asia | 4,562,936 (2,892,718 to 5,350,134) | 495.6 (316.2 to 579.4) | 5,922,865 (4,733,467 to 7,156,234) | 275.4 (221.9 to 331.8) | 29.8 | -44.43 | -2.02 (-2.14 to -1.89) | < 0.001 |
Eastern Europe | 320,906 (308,770 to 341,033) | 112.2 (107.8 to 119.6) | 277,541 (240,922 to 316,272) | 83.5 (72.6 to 95.1) | -13.51 | -25.58 | -0.76 (-1.67 to 0.16) | 0.106 |
Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa | 244,963 (182,809 to 288,763) | 296.4 (223.8 to 348.1) | 476,744 (361,802 to 608,685) | 263.4 (200.5 to 332.9) | 94.62 | -11.13 | -0.41 (-0.61 to -0.21) | < 0.001 |
High-income Asia Pacific | 243,863 (229,035 to 250,246) | 117.5 (110.6 to 120.6) | 306,118 (281,921 to 333,763) | 75.8 (70.6 to 82.6) | 25.53 | -35.55 | -1.53 (-1.69 to -1.37) | < 0.001 |
High-income North America | 292,713 (285,562 to 300,085) | 89 (87 to 91.2) | 524,630 (503,915 to 544,030) | 88.3 (85 to 91.4) | 79.23 | -0.78 | -0.02 (-0.17 to 0.14) | 0.837 |
North Africa and Middle East | 122,368 (81,913 to 147,739) | 65.4 (45.4 to 78.5) | 259,488 (183,343 to 301,673) | 55.6 (40.5 to 63.8) | 112.06 | -14.99 | -0.56 (-0.62 to -0.49) | < 0.001 |
Oceania | 1,828 (1,354 to 2,558) | 55.3 (41.9 to 77.6) | 4,213 (3,133 to 5,650) | 53.6 (40.4 to 71.7) | 130.54 | -3.09 | -0.14 (-0.19 to -0.08) | < 0.001 |
South Asia | 744,462 (652,926 to 927,062) | 117.9 (103.1 to 146.8) | 1,476,590 (1,282,692 to 1,962,191) | 98.3 (85.5 to 131.1) | 98.34 | -16.61 | -0.56 (-0.76 to -0.36) | < 0.001 |
Southeast Asia | 201,111 (169,876 to 228,343) | 71.6 (60.7 to 80.9) | 403,725 (342,843 to 472,284) | 61.7 (52.7 to 72.4) | 100.75 | -13.83 | -0.51 (-0.65 to -0.37) | < 0.001 |
Southern Latin America | 80,442 (77,833 to 83,110) | 173.2 (167.5 to 179) | 83,206 (77,617 to 89,098) | 101.1 (94.4 to 108.2) | 3.44 | -41.65 | -1.83 (-1.99 to -1.66) | < 0.001 |
Southern Sub-Saharan Africa | 106,970 (79,140 to 131,561) | 356.6 (265.8 to 439.4) | 159,882 (142,561 to 188,481) | 267.1 (239.2 to 310.8) | 49.46 | -25.09 | -1.01 (-1.65 to -0.36) | 0.002 |
Tropical Latin America | 170,087 (164,206 to 176,763) | 172.8 (166.6 to 179.7) | 328,430 (311,722 to 345,187) | 131 (124.3 to 137.7) | 93.1 | -24.17 | -0.95 (-1.01 to -0.89) | < 0.001 |
Western Europe | 601,312 (588,465 to 611,699) | 112.5 (110.2 to 114.4) | 706,817 (669,630 to 741,655) | 88.6 (84.3 to 92.9) | 17.55 | -21.18 | -0.84 (-0.91 to -0.78) | < 0.001 |
Western Sub-Saharan Africa | 51,009 (43,559 to 60,395) | 54.3 (46.6 to 64.1) | 137,923 (104,912 to 167,521) | 67.8 (51.5 to 81.6) | 170.39 | 24.89 | 0.79 (0.73 to 0.86) | < 0.001 |
