Table 9 Wilcoxon signed rank test for performance metrics results of optimized DPRNNs results.

From: Predicting carbon dioxide emissions using deep learning and Ninja metaheuristic optimization algorithm

 

NiOA-DPRNNs

SC-DPRNNs

HHO-DPRNNs

JAYA-DPRNNs

Theoretical median

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

Actual median

0.0294

0.0444

0.0665

0.0806

Number of values

10.0000

10.0000

10.0000

10.0000

Wilcoxon signed rank test

Sum of signed ranks (W)

55.0000

55.0000

55.0000

55.0000

Sum of positive ranks

55.0000

55.0000

55.0000

55.0000

Sum of negative ranks

0

0

0

0

P value (two tailed)

0.0020

0.0020

0.0020

0.0020

Exact or estimate?

Exact

Exact

Exact

Exact

P value summary

**

**

**

**

Significant (alpha = 0.05)?

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

How big is the discrepancy?

Discrepancy

0.0294

0.0444

0.0665

0.0806

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