Table 3 Comparative performance of different approaches with respect to IAE, ITAE, ISE and ITSE metrics.

From: Novel application of sinh cosh optimizer for robust controller design in hybrid photovoltaic-thermal power systems

Method

\(IAE\)

\(ITAE\)

\(ISE\)

\(ITSE\)

SCHO based PI (proposed)

0.9022

2.9119

0.0773

0.1097

SSA based PI

1.1754

4.9948

0.1224

0.1774

WOA based PI

1.4271

5.2619

0.1548

0.3157

FA based PI

1.7667

7.3783

0.2215

0.4635

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