Table 3 Characteristics of the study participants according to the presence/absence of tinnitus. Age is presented as the mean ± standard deviation, and the rest of the data are presented as percentages.
From: The link between tinnitus and menstrual cycle disorders in premenopausal women
Participant attributes | Tinnitus | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
No | Yes | ||
Number | 374 | 184 | |
Age | 32.46 ± 9.6 | 35.25 ± 9.7 | 0.001 |
Marital status: Single Married Divorced/Widow | 47.6 47.3 5.1 | 26.6 69.6 3.8 | 0.000 |
Parity | 50.3 | 66.3 | 0.000 |
Oral contraceptive use | 4.5 | 6 | 0.467 |
Education level: Uneducated Undergraduate Graduate Postgraduate | 0.5 14.7 71.1 13.6 | 1.6 19 65.8 13.6 | 0.251 |
Household income level: Low income Moderate income High income | 26.2 45.2 28.6 | 41.3 34.2 24.5 | 0.004 |
Employment status: Employed Unemployed | 43.3 56.7 | 35.3 64.7 | 0.071 |
Smoking: Nonsmoker Ex-smoker Current smoker | 74.6 4 21.4 | 73.4 4.3 22.3 | 0.775 |
Regular exercise | 21.1 | 22.3 | 0.754 |
Fiber intake | 38 | 41.8 | 0.393 |
Body Mass Index: Underweight Normal Overweight Obese Extremely obese | 3.5 44.1 35.3 10.4 6.7 | 2.2 36.4 35.3 13 13.1 | 0.007 |
Vitamin D deficiency | 51.1 | 61.4 | 0.018 |
Dyslipidemia | 7 | 12.5 | 0.030 |
Insomnia | 15.2 | 22.8 | 0.027 |
Headache: Tension headache Migraine | 13.6 11 | 20.7 17.4 | 0.033 0.034 |
Psychological problems: Yes No | 77.8 22.2 | 84.8 15.2 | 0.004 |
Hypothyroidism | 9.1 | 9.2 | 0.955 |
