Table 1 Fracturing treatment preset pump injection program table.

From: Prediction model and real-time diagnostics of hydraulic fracturing pressure for highly deviated wells in deep oil and gas reservoirs

Step

Liquid type

Displacement (m3/min)

Sand ratio (%)

Stage sand volume (m3)

Stage time (min)

1

Pre-liquid

6.0

0

0

23

2

sand-carrying fluid

6.0

6.0

3.6

10

3

sand-carrying fluid

6.0

12.0

7.9

11

4

sand-carrying fluid

6.0

15.0

11.7

13

5

sand-carrying fluid

6.0

18.0

16.2

15

6

sand-carrying fluid

6.0

20.0

19.2

16

7

sand-carrying fluid

6.0

25.0

15.0

10

8

Displacement fluid

6.0

0

0

18