Table 12 Layer 2 LightGBM multiclass objective function scores over 30 simulations.

From: Intrusion detection in metaverse environment internet of things systems by metaheuristics tuned two level framework

Algorithm

Best

Worst

Mean

Median

Std

Var

CNN-LGBM-ISA-ChOA

0.996207

0.985756

0.991700

0.993378

0.003788

0.000014

CNN-LGBM-ChOA

0.984145

0.945072

0.969630

0.969792

0.010915

0.000119

CNN-LGBM-VNS

0.990692

0.956404

0.979813

0.984732

0.012299

0.000151

CNN-LGBM-PSO

0.991862

0.937973

0.961005

0.958011

0.016631

0.000277

CNN-LGBM-BA

0.977663

0.929784

0.953932

0.957025

0.014720

0.000217

CNN-LGBM-ABC

0.973858

0.937252

0.960740

0.965956

0.012290

0.000151

CNN-LGBM-WOA

0.986708

0.945238

0.966248

0.967594

0.015793

0.000249

CNN-LGBM-RSA

0.986708

0.917790

0.967001

0.978231

0.022495

0.000506

  1. Best obtained metrics are shown in bold style.
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