Table 5 Long-run linear and nonlinear consequences of relationships.

From: Linear and non-linear impact of key agricultural components on greenhouse gas emissions

Variables

Model: lnGHG/lnAGL+, lnAGL, lnFC+, lnFC,

lnEUA+, lnEUA, lnCPI, lnLPI, lnAVA, lnFL

Model: lnGHG/lnAGL, lnFC,

lnEUA, lnCPI, lnLPI, lnAVA, lnFL

ln \({AGL}_{t-1}^{+}\)

0.187* (0.009)

0.256* (0.002)

ln \({AGL}_{t-1}^{-}\)

−0.316* (-0.001)

\(ln{FC}_{t-1}^{+}\)

0.463* (0.009)

0.244* (0.003)

Ln \({FC}_{t-1}^{-}\)

−0.092* (-0.005)

ln \({CPI}_{t-1}\)

0.044* (0.003)

0.329* (0.002)

ln \({EUA}_{t-1}^{+}\)

0.242* (0.002)

0.243* (0.008)

ln \({EUA}_{t-1}^{-}\)

−0.762* (-0.008)

lnLPIt-1

0.491** (0.025)

0.314* (0.000)

lnAVAt-1

0.345* (0.003)

0.428** (0.021)

lnFL

0.825* (0.000)

0.632*** (0.061)

Constant

−4.192* (0.009)

−5.437* (0.001)

Diagnostica test

R2

0.973

0.932

Adj R2

0.722

0.792

DW-statistics

1.848

1.343

Normality test

0.854 (0.344)

0.345 (0.202)

LM test

0.841 (0.467)

0.491 (0.428)

ARCH

0.269 (0.293)

0.206 (0.144)

  1. The values in the parenthesis show the probability of the parameters.
  2. *p < 0.10, **p < 0.05, **p < 0.01.