Table 1 Physical properties of the synthesized NADESs.

CaSu11

Citric acid

Sucrose

1:1

1.92 ± 0.00^C

0.73 ± 0.010^F

0.3545 ± 0.0003^A

1.3768 ± 0.0002^A

CaFr11

Citric acid

Fructose

1:1

1.75 ± 0.01^H

0.77 ± 0.006^DE

0.0805 ± 0.0001^F

1.3293 ± 0.0003^B

CaFr12

Citric acid

Fructose

1:2

1.90 ± 0.01^C

0.76 ± 0.010^E

0.1797 ± 0.0002^B

1.3768 ± 0.0008^A

CaFr21

Citric acid

Fructose

2:1

1.84 ± 0.00^EF

0.72 ± 0.010^FG

0.1221 ± 0.0001^D

1.3770 ± 0.0000^A

CaXy11

Citric acid

Xylitol

1:1

1.85 ± 0.05^E

0.78 ± 0.010^CD

0.0269 ± 0.0001^J

1.2818 ± 0.0004^C

CaXy12

Citric acid

Xylitol

1:2

1.90 ± 0.03^C

0.76 ± 0.010^E

0.0806 ± 0.0002^F

1.2818 ± 0.0008^C

CaXy21

Citric acid

Xylitol

2:1

1.89 ± 0.03^CD

0.72 ± 0.006^FG

0.0871 ± 0.0001^E

1.3293 ± 0.0002^B

CaGr11

Citric acid

Glycerol

1:1

1.68 ± 0.02^I

0.79 ± 0.000^C

0.0131 ± 0.0001^M

1.2344 ± 0.0004^D

CaGr12

Citric acid

Glycerol

1:2

1.86 ± 0.02^DE

0.77 ± 0.010^DE

0.0191 ± 0.0020^L

1.2344 ± 0.0006^D

CaGr21

Citric acid

Glycerol

2:1

1.78 ± 0.01^GH

0.77 ± 0.010^DE

0.0525 ± 0.0005^H

1.3293 ± 0.0003^B

CaGc11

Citric acid

Glycine

1:1

2.61 ± 0.04^A

0.83 ± 0.010^A

0.0204 ± 0.0000^K

1.3293 ± 0.0004^B

CaGc21

Citric acid

Glycine

2:1

2.39 ± 0.01^B

0.81 ± 0.000^B

0.0760 ± 0.0020^G

1.3293 ± 0.0004^B

CaGl11

Citric acid

Glucose

1:1

1.81 ± 0.01^FG

0.77 ± 0.010^DE

0.0438 ± 0.0001^I

1.2818 ± 0.0004^C

CaGl21

Citric acid

Glucose

2:1

1.71 ± 0.01^I

0.71 ± 0.010^G

0.1313 ± 0.0002^C

1.3293 ± 0.0003^B