Table 1 Prevalent cases, age-standardized prevalence rates, incident cases, age-standardized incidence rates, death cases, age-standardized mortality rates, DALYs, and age-standardized rates of DALYs for prostate cancer in 1990 and 2021 and rate change of age-standardized rates by Global Burden of Disease. DALYs: disability-adjusted life years.
From: Global burden and risk factors of male cancers from 1990 to 2021, with forecasts to 2040
1990 | 2021 | 1990–2021 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All-ages cases | Age-standardized rates per 100,000 | All-ages cases | Age-standardized rates per 100,000 | Rate change in age-standardized rates | ||
N (95%UI) | N (95%UI) | N (95%UI) | ||||
Global | Prevalence | 3,596,220 (3445437 to 3705436) | 218.33 (208.48 to 225.67) | 10,387,521 (9705680 to 10904400) | 260.05 (243.39 to 272.68) | 0.19 (0.14 to 0.25) |
Incidence | 506,405 (480851 to 524697) | 32.64 (30.86 to 33.86) | 1,324,383 (1217321 to 1400222) | 34.05 (31.27 to 36) | 0.04 (0 to 0.09) | |
Deaths | 211,972 (194222 to 224328) | 16.35 (15.02 to 17.28) | 432,463 (381873 to 463645) | 12.63 (11.16 to 13.55) | -0.23 (-0.27 to -0.18) | |
DALYs | 4,146,719 (3754315 to 4401620) | 275.3 (251.66 to 292.14) | 8,141,561 (7177067 to 8809184) | 217.83 (192.65 to 235.53) | -0.21 (-0.25 to -0.16) | |
Socio-demographic Index (SDI) | ||||||
High SDI | Prevalence | 2,607,410 (2513878 to 2683485) | 555.13 (533.78 to 572.1) | 5,987,872 (5660940 to 6245000) | 612.57 (579.53 to 638.5) | 0.1 (0.06 to 0.15) |
Incidence | 339,224 (324610 to 348526) | 73.74 (70.21 to 75.85) | 694,561 (647353 to 727638) | 70.92 (66.29 to 74.22) | -0.04 (-0.08 to 0) | |
Deaths | 105,149 (99286 to 108363) | 25.71 (24.06 to 26.61) | 154,423 (138844 to 163655) | 15.35 (13.8 to 16.27) | -0.4 (-0.43 to -0.38) | |
DALYs | 1,997,194 (1898546 to 2080261) | 449.81 (425.57 to 468.55) | 2,788,078 (2562128 to 2985291) | 280.72 (257.96 to 300.71) | -0.38 (-0.4 to -0.35) | |
High-middle SDI | Prevalence | 570,034 (540995 to 596896) | 141.14 (134.08 to 147.86) | 2,060,335 (1849681 to 2229490) | 225.91 (202.96 to 244.08) | 0.6 (0.47 to 0.73) |
Incidence | 83,918 (79122 to 87907) | 22.76 (21.31 to 23.86) | 268,333 (238028 to 291706) | 30.36 (26.96 to 33.04) | 0.33 (0.22 to 0.44) | |
Deaths | 43,452 (40562 to 45902) | 14.25 (13.2 to 15.09) | 90,323 (79773 to 98854) | 11.73 (10.33 to 12.86) | -0.18 (-0.25 to -0.11) | |
DALYs | 863,490 (802546 to 909741) | 239.93 (223.81 to 253.02) | 1,691,418 (1500583 to 1855683) | 201.01 (179.17 to 220.19) | -0.16 (-0.23 to -0.1) | |
Middle SDI | Prevalence | 265,209 (233036 to 285412) | 59.33 (52.79 to 63.63) | 1,591,026 (1374887 to 1786559) | 125.63 (108.85 to 140.62) | 1.12 (0.94 to 1.33) |
Incidence | 46,618 (39994 to 51526) | 12.49 (10.8 to 13.93) | 228,112 (194580 to 258723) | 19.43 (16.51 to 22.07) | 0.56 (0.42 to 0.73) | |
Deaths | 31,439 (26222 to 35880) | 10.14 (8.57 to 11.64) | 99,769 (82565 to 115535) | 10.03 (8.3 to 11.6) | -0.01 (-0.11 to 0.11) | |
DALYs | 628,476 (513148 to 706515) | 164.03 (137.01 to 186.89) | 1,907,052 (1575666 to 2199148) | 168.77 (139.74 to 195.09) | 0.03 (-0.07 to 0.16) | |
Low-middle SDI | Prevalence | 104,284 (85175 to 116315) | 36.99 (30.58 to 41.2) | 570,721 (479428 to 656395) | 85.84 (72.8 to 98.2) | 1.32 (1.03 to 1.66) |
Incidence | 23,185 (18103 to 26835) | 9.46 (7.46 to 11.07) | 95,746 (79599 to 111125) | 15.9 (13.29 to 18.51) | 0.68 (0.45 to 0.96) | |
Deaths | 19,448 (14791 to 22961) | 8.77 (6.78 to 10.39) | 57,756 (46941 to 68429) | 10.92 (9.02 to 12.93) | 0.24 (0.06 to 0.45) | |
DALYs | 392,954 (294151 to 460548) | 152.92 (116.25 to 179.89) | 1,135,076 (909523 to 1341823) | 189.22 (153.6 to 223.29) | 0.24 (0.06 to 0.45) | |
Low SDI | Prevalence | 45,357 (31012 to 56284) | 43.11 (29.89 to 53.04) | 163,701 (108548 to 202254) | 70.35 (47.2 to 86.16) | 0.63 (0.43 to 0.9) |
Incidence | 12,828 (8389 to 16190) | 14.5 (9.59 to 18.27) | 35,707 (23034 to 44175) | 18.14 (11.84 to 22.34) | 0.25 (0.09 to 0.47) | |
Deaths | 12,124 (7907 to 15319) | 15.02 (9.92 to 19) | 29,431 (18998 to 36227) | 16.8 (10.86 to 20.59) | 0.12 (-0.03 to 0.32) | |
DALYs | 257,785 (167408 to 328065) | 268.41 (175.52 to 339.96) | 605,967 (385984 to 754881) | 294.26 (189.52 to 363.32) | 0.1 (-0.05 to 0.3) | |
Regions | ||||||
Andean Latin America | Prevalence | 10,504 (8360 to 13160) | 113.95 (91.17 to 142.61) | 75,652 (55386 to 104360) | 275.22 (201.7 to 378.08) | 1.42 (0.84 to 2.12) |
Incidence | 85,970 (79054 to 91673) | 26.12 (21.28 to 32.23) | 11,257 (8196 to 15488) | 42.16 (30.78 to 57.66) | 0.61 (0.26 to 1.07) | |
Deaths | 45,218 (41833 to 49265) | 22.69 (18.8 to 27.69) | 5632 (4181 to 7475) | 22.26 (16.58 to 29.52) | -0.02 (-0.21 to 0.24) | |
DALYs | 10,958 (10256 to 11668) | 375.7 (305.29 to 465.39) | 98,257 (72453 to 131978) | 372.49 (275.16 to 500.95) | -0.01 (-0.22 to 0.25) | |
Australasia | Prevalence | 83,362 (78627 to 88281) | 822.04 (757.11 to 873.29) | 235,141 (204068 to 271001) | 906.45 (787.27 to 1045.55) | 0.1 (-0.04 to 0.29) |
Incidence | 87,911 (83466 to 91295) | 110.31 (100.67 to 117.87) | 25,373 (21471 to 29884) | 97.88 (82.7 to 115.15) | -0.11 (-0.24 to 0.06) | |
Deaths | 5017 (3284 to 6624) | 40.72 (36.91 to 43.16) | 5314 (4491 to 6099) | 19.76 (16.71 to 22.7) | -0.51 (-0.58 to -0.43) | |
DALYs | 79,696 (60406 to 97784) | 713.17 (649.53 to 757.07) | 93,928 (79391 to 109091) | 354.41 (299.7 to 411.98) | -0.5 (-0.57 to -0.41) | |
Caribbean | Prevalence | 147,971 (140097 to 155338) | 365.05 (338.2 to 397.3) | 163,762 (137670 to 189250) | 653.29 (550.36 to 754.63) | 0.79 (0.51 to 1.11) |
Incidence | 19,182 (12089 to 24214) | 60.25 (55.66 to 66.69) | 23,251 (19899 to 26780) | 93.77 (80.45 to 108.03) | 0.56 (0.33 to 0.81) | |
Deaths | 79,023 (74683 to 83292) | 34.83 (32.02 to 39.05) | 9258 (7967 to 10783) | 38.35 (32.98 to 44.63) | 0.1 (-0.04 to 0.27) | |
DALYs | 1,608,512 (1545488 to 1663299) | 591.66 (545.96 to 667.76) | 167,719 (143254 to 196782) | 680.84 (582.1 to 799.04) | 0.15 (0 to 0.33) | |
Central Asia | Prevalence | 52,612 (39260 to 62723) | 60.49 (56.39 to 64.36) | 31,230 (28034 to 34704) | 89.92 (81.23 to 99.58) | 0.49 (0.33 to 0.66) |
Incidence | 909 (648 to 1213) | 11.25 (10.46 to 11.95) | 4640 (4157 to 5157) | 14.9 (13.51 to 16.48) | 0.32 (0.18 to 0.48) | |
Deaths | 46,419 (33953 to 55552) | 8.42 (7.84 to 8.97) | 2405 (2183 to 2652) | 9.12 (8.32 to 10.01) | 0.08 (-0.01 to 0.2) | |
DALYs | 42,332 (30155 to 48704) | 168.8 (157.68 to 179.29) | 53,862 (48668 to 59743) | 174.31 (158.35 to 191.95) | 0.03 (-0.06 to 0.15) | |
Central Europe | Prevalence | 34,783 (31406 to 38535) | 131.52 (123.97 to 139.33) | 338,084 (306991 to 370397) | 338.01 (306.97 to 369.88) | 1.57 (1.34 to 1.83) |
Incidence | 15,223 (10870 to 20565) | 24.68 (23.35 to 26.18) | 47,883 (43406 to 52544) | 48.9 (44.4 to 53.65) | 0.98 (0.8 to 1.17) | |
Deaths | 58,447 (55455 to 61317) | 17.68 (16.69 to 18.84) | 19,779 (18084 to 21356) | 21.49 (19.56 to 23.19) | 0.22 (0.12 to 0.31) | |
DALYs | 1,047,294 (1005897 to 1095046) | 311.6 (295.69 to 330.47) | 365,176 (331181 to 395939) | 380.69 (345.46 to 412.55) | 0.22 (0.12 to 0.33) | |
Central Latin America | Prevalence | 34,876 (20321 to 45889) | 233.01 (221.38 to 242.04) | 558,239 (479996 to 640213) | 492.55 (424.5 to 563.85) | 1.11 (0.8 to 1.41) |
Incidence | 2234 (1801 to 2784) | 36.04 (34.18 to 37.51) | 72,325 (62261 to 83103) | 65.04 (56.1 to 74.53) | 0.8 (0.54 to 1.06) | |
Deaths | 11,155 (10153 to 11895) | 19.31 (18.1 to 20.11) | 20,037 (17440 to 22606) | 19.52 (17.03 to 21.95) | 0.01 (-0.1 to 0.13) | |
DALYs | 7122 (6577 to 7884) | 339.05 (322.4 to 352.97) | 386,729 (334404 to 442802) | 357.67 (310.25 to 408.84) | 0.05 (-0.08 to 0.2) | |
Central Sub-Saharan Africa | Prevalence | 1859 (1733 to 1976) | 55.74 (37.28 to 72.1) | 20,514 (12801 to 27625) | 95.7 (60.18 to 128.31) | 0.72 (0.32 to 1.28) |
Incidence | 14,514 (13747 to 15354) | 21.18 (13.81 to 28.59) | 4528 (2737 to 6191) | 28.26 (17.17 to 39.13) | 0.33 (0.03 to 0.77) | |
Deaths | 12,882 (12256 to 13391) | 22.86 (14.74 to 31.44) | 3722 (2246 to 5110) | 27.7 (16.75 to 38.72) | 0.21 (-0.07 to 0.62) | |
DALYs | 1504 (965 to 1987) | 388.44 (253.69 to 522.15) | 80,369 (48683 to 109548) | 462.63 (277.39 to 637.06) | 0.19 (-0.09 to 0.58) | |
East Asia | Prevalence | 14,814 (11139 to 18813) | 20.67 (16.05 to 25.21) | 692,464 (512655 to 915807) | 64.31 (47.85 to 84.41) | 2.11 (1.39 to 2.98) |
Incidence | 20,795 (19663 to 21764) | 5.13 (3.93 to 6.62) | 97,024 (71372 to 129638) | 9.9 (7.39 to 13.06) | 0.93 (0.49 to 1.48) | |
Deaths | 5387 (3232 to 6870) | 4.86 (3.73 to 6.48) | 39,955 (30356 to 53029) | 5.05 (3.8 to 6.62) | 0.04 (-0.19 to 0.36) | |
DALYs | 10,827 (10155 to 11450) | 76.32 (57.8 to 97.78) | 729,148 (552838 to 984062) | 79.68 (60.09 to 105.85) | 0.04 (-0.2 to 0.36) | |
Eastern Europe | Prevalence | 198,196 (189549 to 204981) | 152.36 (144.26 to 159.9) | 571,270 (512390 to 625712) | 411.07 (370.69 to 448.37) | 1.7 (1.42 to 1.97) |
Incidence | 8445 (6245 to 10445) | 22.8 (21.55 to 23.82) | 76,061 (68014 to 83466) | 56.28 (50.56 to 61.65) | 1.47 (1.22 to 1.72) | |
Deaths | 198 (137 to 271) | 12.15 (11.45 to 12.67) | 22,103 (19833 to 24513) | 18.39 (16.54 to 20.34) | 0.51 (0.36 to 0.68) | |
DALYs | 11,974 (8454 to 14641) | 240.07 (226.23 to 251.93) | 482,142 (429316 to 539566) | 370.67 (332.05 to 413.25) | 0.54 (0.38 to 0.72) | |
Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa | Prevalence | 8733 (6067 to 10199) | 55.39 (35.67 to 69.15) | 70,410 (45744 to 90459) | 93.37 (62.31 to 118.2) | 0.69 (0.4 to 1.12) |
Incidence | 6297 (5629 to 7020) | 18.28 (11.12 to 23.18) | 14,544 (9313 to 18607) | 22.55 (14.67 to 28.24) | 0.23 (0.03 to 0.56) | |
Deaths | 3428 (2471 to 4573) | 18.72 (11.43 to 23.73) | 11,477 (7401 to 14590) | 20 (13.03 to 25.16) | 0.07 (-0.1 to 0.32) | |
DALYs | 10,380 (9809 to 10873) | 342.8 (206.98 to 435.99) | 250,293 (159631 to 324270) | 371.75 (238.72 to 471.99) | 0.08 (-0.1 to 0.36) | |
High-income Asia Pacific | Prevalence | 145,847 (138955 to 151805) | 102.46 (96.51 to 107.92) | 534,447 (475300 to 586962) | 237.31 (211.16 to 260.35) | 1.32 (1.08 to 1.55) |
Incidence | 9814 (5638 to 12926) | 14.62 (13.61 to 15.46) | 65,589 (57663 to 72526) | 28.74 (25.29 to 31.7) | 0.97 (0.74 to 1.15) | |
Deaths | 1839 (1503 to 2258) | 7.1 (6.58 to 7.47) | 18,864 (16674 to 20318) | 7.65 (6.8 to 8.23) | 0.08 (-0.01 to 0.15) | |
DALYs | 3641 (3317 to 3843) | 119.1 (112.14 to 125.97) | 299,882 (267887 to 324754) | 128.79 (115.29 to 139.46) | 0.08 (-0.02 to 0.16) | |
High-income North America | Prevalence | 3779 (3479 to 4245) | 1051.65 (1008.89 to 1088.32) | 2,829,393 (2698233 to 2946883) | 910.62 (867.85 to 948.35) | -0.13 (-0.17 to -0.09) |
Incidence | 1268 (1180 to 1346) | 130.27 (124.25 to 134.72) | 316,171 (297652 to 329966) | 101.92 (95.89 to 106.4) | -0.22 (-0.25 to -0.18) | |
Deaths | 9399 (8918 to 10003) | 29.9 (27.8 to 31.16) | 49,580 (44576 to 52487) | 16.43 (14.7 to 17.43) | -0.45 (-0.48 to -0.42) | |
DALYs | 6188 (5851 to 6434) | 574.24 (540.37 to 607.97) | 1,005,025 (921818 to 1086608) | 327.02 (300.14 to 353.7) | -0.43 (-0.46 to -0.4) | |
North Africa and Middle East | Prevalence | 1449 (939 to 1937) | 65.76 (50.51 to 78.79) | 432,155 (310010 to 524900) | 200.42 (144.79 to 242.38) | 2.05 (1.56 to 2.62) |
Incidence | 11,218 (8527 to 14514) | 12.17 (9.1 to 15.41) | 55,934 (39217 to 67925) | 27.39 (19.27 to 33.39) | 1.25 (0.85 to 1.78) | |
Deaths | 9430 (8926 to 9818) | 8.98 (6.62 to 11.58) | 16,720 (11802 to 20203) | 10.05 (7.09 to 12.18) | 0.12 (-0.09 to 0.43) | |
DALYs | 5035 (3042 to 6387) | 149.44 (111.74 to 189.31) | 327,766 (230651 to 392311) | 173.58 (123.07 to 209.38) | 0.16 (-0.04 to 0.44) | |
Oceania | Prevalence | 4841 (4547 to 5100) | 70.87 (51.85 to 92.07) | 3395 (2209 to 4627) | 101.39 (67.82 to 137.57) | 0.43 (0.15 to 0.84) |
Incidence | 41,725 (39200 to 43302) | 19.98 (13.9 to 27.26) | 670 (427 to 931) | 24.56 (15.95 to 34.27) | 0.23 (-0.03 to 0.61) | |
Deaths | 5196 (3874 to 6602) | 19.4 (13.29 to 26.87) | 507 (321 to 719) | 21.76 (13.86 to 30.59) | 0.12 (-0.12 to 0.47) | |
DALYs | 162 (111 to 224) | 318.69 (218.47 to 438.25) | 10,441 (6515 to 14641) | 361.58 (229.77 to 512.13) | 0.13 (-0.11 to 0.51) | |
South Asia | Prevalence | 11,086 (7835 to 13661) | 16.93 (12.54 to 20.17) | 262,891 (213984 to 350659) | 36.99 (30.23 to 49.02) | 1.18 (0.73 to 1.83) |
Incidence | 7107 (4948 to 8378) | 5.12 (3.63 to 6.31) | 48,150 (39400 to 65765) | 7.6 (6.26 to 10.42) | 0.48 (0.14 to 0.94) | |
Deaths | 4685 (4226 to 5209) | 5.16 (3.69 to 6.42) | 34,073 (28061 to 46489) | 6.03 (4.98 to 8.26) | 0.17 (-0.11 to 0.53) | |
DALYs | 2964 (2165 to 3918) | 92.25 (65.02 to 113.26) | 665,395 (540225 to 911800) | 104.26 (85.19 to 143.01) | 0.13 (-0.14 to 0.49) | |
Southeast Asia | Prevalence | 6897 (6497 to 7214) | 39.33 (28.39 to 45.11) | 274,478 (182878 to 336698) | 95.91 (64.65 to 117.1) | 1.44 (0.97 to 1.91) |
Incidence | 64,658 (61244 to 67382) | 9.41 (6.59 to 11.07) | 43,150 (28221 to 53091) | 16.72 (10.97 to 20.71) | 0.78 (0.42 to 1.17) | |
Deaths | 9405 (5452 to 12334) | 8.51 (6.03 to 10.11) | 24,286 (15953 to 29602) | 10.86 (7.1 to 13.36) | 0.28 (0.03 to 0.57) | |
DALYs | 32,665 (26343 to 40677) | 148.08 (102.87 to 174.39) | 491,686 (324531 to 600823) | 190.74 (125.11 to 231.98) | 0.29 (0.05 to 0.57) | |
Southern Latin America | Prevalence | 70,605 (64290 to 74808) | 171.81 (155.94 to 190.03) | 118,558 (101797 to 136410) | 303.87 (261.43 to 348.22) | 0.77 (0.49 to 1.05) |
Incidence | 69,188 (63928 to 78173) | 33.35 (29.78 to 37.11) | 16,821 (14362 to 19465) | 44.06 (37.83 to 50.95) | 0.32 (0.11 to 0.55) | |
Deaths | 28,923 (27022 to 30718) | 26.86 (24.27 to 29.84) | 8446 (7276 to 9581) | 23.26 (20.04 to 26.33) | -0.13 (-0.26 to -0.01) | |
DALYs | 183,438 (174216 to 193955) | 462.3 (418.14 to 514.59) | 148,542 (127819 to 170368) | 394.12 (340.04 to 452.15) | -0.15 (-0.28 to -0.02) | |
Southern Sub-Saharan Africa | Prevalence | 119,033 (113701 to 123742) | 142.03 (102.76 to 187.81) | 58,562 (44816 to 70006) | 251.77 (193.09 to 298.1) | 0.77 (0.41 to 1.36) |
Incidence | 30,972 (19517 to 40955) | 36.91 (26.81 to 48.8) | 10,873 (8115 to 12871) | 55.12 (40.52 to 64.65) | 0.49 (0.16 to 1) | |
Deaths | 235,719 (174788 to 299481) | 35.1 (26.02 to 46.01) | 7418 (5391 to 8681) | 44.25 (31.48 to 51.79) | 0.26 (-0.04 to 0.69) | |
DALYs | 215,265 (203043 to 225894) | 598.7 (437.4 to 794.34) | 155,391 (115235 to 184542) | 774.4 (563.55 to 905.89) | 0.29 (0 to 0.73) | |
Tropical Latin America | Prevalence | 109,426 (65469 to 139656) | 143.59 (136.04 to 150.57) | 311,471 (292602 to 329482) | 270.67 (254.1 to 286.45) | 0.89 (0.76 to 1.02) |
Incidence | 90,487 (85909 to 95678) | 28.68 (26.85 to 30.11) | 45,434 (42311 to 48150) | 41.32 (38.45 to 43.85) | 0.44 (0.36 to 0.53) | |
Deaths | 849,664 (800773 to 899662) | 21.59 (20.13 to 22.69) | 21,747 (19995 to 23132) | 21.62 (19.72 to 23.06) | 0 (-0.05 to 0.05) | |
DALYs | 101,947 (76144 to 126137) | 374.99 (352.89 to 392.02) | 405,586 (378811 to 431068) | 376.24 (349.02 to 400.47) | 0 (-0.05 to 0.06) | |
Western Europe | Prevalence | 3465 (2363 to 4821) | 427.11 (409.99 to 446.13) | 2,670,002 (2459710 to 2848675) | 625.03 (577.47 to 667.95) | 0.46 (0.35 to 0.57) |
Incidence | 230,784 (162767 to 283271) | 61.06 (58.11 to 63.5) | 314,970 (285543 to 338632) | 73.05 (66.4 to 78.43) | 0.2 (0.1 to 0.29) | |
Deaths | 144,348 (99444 to 169253) | 29.56 (27.81 to 30.88) | 86,450 (76255 to 93367) | 18.36 (16.26 to 19.81) | -0.38 (-0.42 to -0.34) | |
DALYs | 88,208 (79474 to 98160) | 495.12 (470.67 to 515.82) | 1,443,478 (1291508 to 1568626) | 319.95 (287.64 to 347.77) | -0.35 (-0.4 to -0.31) | |
Western Sub-Saharan Africa | Prevalence | 58,464 (42252 to 77996) | 86.7 (51.95 to 112.2) | 135,403 (71247 to 184783) | 159.95 (86.08 to 215.29) | 0.84 (0.4 to 1.43) |
Incidence | 137,349 (130432 to 143185) | 29.1 (17.1 to 37.82) | 29,735 (15634 to 40053) | 41.46 (21.7 to 55.16) | 0.42 (0.09 to 0.9) | |
Deaths | 1,157,157 (1104106 to 1204271) | 30.51 (18 to 39.67) | 24,689 (13076 to 32847) | 38.56 (20.37 to 50.45) | 0.26 (-0.02 to 0.66) | |
DALYs | 189,612 (108491 to 250812) | 520.35 (302.27 to 680.53) | 480,746 (252059 to 651051) | 646.45 (343.4 to 860.1) | 0.24 (-0.03 to 0.64) | |
