Table 2 Risk factors associated with the progression of liver diseases.

From: The sex differences in diseases progression and prognosis among persons with HIV and HBV coinfection

Parameter variable

Univariable analysis

Multivariable analysis

Odds ratio (95% CI)

P

Odds ratio (95% CI)

P

Age > 50 years at baseline

2.158 (1.533–3.038)

0.032

2.693 (0.563–12.884)

0.215

Male

2.443 (1.077–2.680)

0.025

2.540 (1.102–3.001)

0.018

Singlehood

1.005 (0.701–1.552)

0.245

–

–

Economic income below the national average

0.824 (0.479–2.233)

0.588

–

–

BMI > 24 kg/m2

3.131 (1.200–5.703)

0.012

2.405 (1.856–3.573)

0.020

Alcohol consumption

2.220 (1.204–4.093)

0.011

0.056 (0.007–2.860)

0.129

Smoking

1.872 (1.256–3.002)

0.040

2.110 (0.526–5.632)

0.420

Sexual transmission of HIV

3.002 (1.250–5.263)

0.017

1.024 (0.289–2.563)

0.508

Baseline CD4+ T lymphocyte counts < 200 cells/ul

2.247 (1.137–4.439)

0.020

6.503 (6.410–7.201)

0.013

HBeAg positive at baseline

0.914 (0.394–2.123)

0.835

–

–

Detectable HBV DNA at baseline

1.670 (1.352–2.020)

0.047

2.927 (1.644–5.198)

0.039

Baseline ALT more than twice the upper limit of normal values

8.431 (5.26–13.511)

0.001

2.020 (0.407–4.110)

0.355

Baseline bilirubin more than twice the upper limit of normal values

107.0 (0.230–25.631)

0.997

–

–

Hypoplatelet count at baseline

3.431 (1.260–13.517)

0.001

1.028 (0.466–3.763)

0.655

CD4+ T lymphocyte counts change ≥ 150 cells/ul within 3 months

0.152 (0.030–0.189)

0.001

0.042 (0.009–0.750)

0.036

Undetectable HBV DNA levels at year 1 post HBV-active therapy

0.533 (0.147–0.887)

0.002

0.647 (0.257–0.860)

0.044

Virological rebound of HBV DNA

5.480 (1.647–10.002)

0.011

61.85 (0.97–95.238)

0.402

HBV-active therapy

0.257 (0.012–0.552)

0.001

0.082 (0.019–7.744)

0.739

Antiretroviral drugs

 3TC-containing therapy

0.426 (0.228–0.795)

0.007

2.034 (0.018–9.427)

0.437

 TDF/3TC-containing therapy

0.211 (0.008–0.622)

0.005

0.247 (0.102–0.844)

0.032

 AZT-containing therapy

2.030 (0.635–4.800)

0.497

–

–

 EFV-containing therapy

1.001 (0.435–3.412)

0.662

–

–

 Kaletra-containing therapy

3.030 (0.451–8.112)

0.560

–

–

 NVP-containing therapy

0.881 (0.471–7.220)

0.852

–

–

Poor compliance

5.082 (2.340–10.887)

0.034

21.85 (0.570–35.117)

0.863

  1. Note: HBV-active therapy, ART regimen containing anti-HBV drugs. The symbol "–" means that variables having a P-value of ≥ 0.10 in univariable logistic regression models were not included in the multivariable model.
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