Table 1 Four-WMR parameter notations.

From: A novel fixed-time prescribed performance sliding mode control for uncertain wheeled mobile robots

Symbol

Parameters’ name

\(O_G-XY\)

Global Cartesian coordinate system

\(O_B-xy\)

Body-fixed coordinate system

\(O_B\)

Center of mass (CoM)

T

Tracking point

u

Longitudinal velocity at CoM

v

Lateral velocity at CoM

r

Yaw rate

\(\theta\)

Heading angle

\(u_l\)

Longitudinal velocity at left wheel

\(u_r\)

Longitudinal velocity at right wheel

\(\omega _l\)

Angular velocity at left wheel

\(\omega _r\)

Angular velocity at right wheel

\(v^s\)

Wheel skidding

\(u_l^s\)

Slipping at left wheel

\(u_r^s\)

Slipping at right wheel

b

Gap from wheel center to geometrical center line

d

Gap from wheel center line to CoM \(O_B\)

l

Position of tracking point T

R

Wheel’s radius

\(P_x\)

External disturbances along x-axis

\(P_y\)

External disturbances along y-axis

\(M_d\)

Moment at CoM

\(F_l-\left\{ F_{xl}, F_{yl}\right\}\)

Friction forces on driving left wheel

\(F_r-\left\{ F_{xr}, F_{yr}\right\}\)

Friction forces on driving right wheel