Fig. 2 | Scientific Reports

Fig. 2

From: Bone anchoring annular suture technique for repairing annular defects at vertebral body edge following lumbar discectomy

Fig. 2

The surgical procedure of the X-shaped bone-anchoring annulus fibrosus suture technique under arthroscopic-assisted uni-portal spinal surgery. (A) Exposure of the protruding nucleus pulposu. (B) Excision of the nucleus pulposus reveals the damaged annulus fibrosus. (C) Penetration of the first stitch into the inferior vertebral body. (D,E) Penetration of the second stitch at the lateral section of the annulus fibrosus and tightening with the first stitch to tie a square knot. (F–H) Anchor the first stitch diagonally to one side of the vertebral body and then sew another stitch. (I) No visible compression of the nerve root after suturing.

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