Fig. 3 | Scientific Reports

Fig. 3

From: Bone anchoring annular suture technique for repairing annular defects at vertebral body edge following lumbar discectomy

Fig. 3

The surgical procedure of the parallel 2-stitch bone-anchoring annulus fibrosus suture technique under arthroscopic-assisted uni-portal spinal surgery. (A) Exposure of the protruding nucleus pulposus (N indicates the traversing nerve root). (B) Excision of the nucleus pulposus reveals the damaged annulus fibrosus and the annulus fibrosus is broken on one side adjacent to the inferior vertebral body. (C) Penetration of the first stitch into the inferior vertebral body. (D,E) Penetration of the second stitch at the lateral section of the annulus fibrosus and tightening with the first stitch to tie a square knot. (F–H) Repeat the above operation to tie another knot. (I) Cutting the two parallel stitches after knotting.

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