Fig. 3 | Scientific Reports

Fig. 3

From: Association between glycated hemoglobin A1c levels, control status, and cognitive function in type 2 diabetes: a prospective cohort study

Fig. 3

Relationship between mean HbA1c quartiles and global cognitive impairment. Forest plot showing ORs and 95% CIs for the association between mean HbA1c levels and global cognitive impairment. The analysis is adjusted for baseline age, sex, residence, education level, smoking status, drinking status, BMI, hypertension, dyslipidemia, chronic lung diseases, CVD, lipid-lowering drugs, arthritis, CKD, depression, sleep duration, and physical activity. HbA1c levels are categorized into quartiles: Q1 (< 5.6), Q3 (6.5–6.9), and Q4 (≥ 9), with Q2 (5.6–6.4) as the reference. Significant associations (p < 0.05) are noted.

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