Table 3 Association between mean HbA1c levels and cognitive impairment across different cognitive domains and models.

From: Association between glycated hemoglobin A1c levels, control status, and cognitive function in type 2 diabetes: a prospective cohort study

Cognitive impairment ~ Mean HbA1c (group)

Crude model

Model 1

Model 2

Model 3

OR (95%CI)

P

OR (95%CI)

P

OR (95%CI)

P

OR (95%CI)

P

Global cognition ~ Mean HbA1c

 5.6%=< mean_HbA1c < 6.5%

Ref

 

Ref

 

Ref

 

Ref

 

 mean_HbA1c < 5.6%

1.2(0.82,1.75)

0.35

1.34(0.83,2.18)

0.23

1.35(0.83,2.21)

0.22

1.84(0.84, 4.04)

0.13

 6.5%=< mean_HbA1c < 9%

0.98(0.68,1.42)

0.92

1.1(0.69,1.74)

0.70

1.11(0.69,1.77)

0.68

1.34(0.61, 2.93)

0.46

 mean_HbA1c > = 9%

1.58(0.95,2.64)

0.08

2.21(1.15,4.26)

0.02

2.49(1.26,4.91)

0.01

4.03(1.45,11.20)

0.01

Episodic memory ~ Mean HbA1c

 5.6%=< mean_HbA1c < 6.5%

Ref

 

Ref

 

Ref

 

Ref

 

 mean_HbA1c < 5.6%

1.06(0.72,1.56)

0.77

1.19(0.73,1.95)

0.48

1.2(0.73,1.97)

0.48

1.71(0.74,3.94)

0.21

 6.5%=< mean_HbA1c < 9%

0.9(0.62,1.31)

0.58

1.1(0.69,1.76)

0.68

1.09(0.68,1.76)

0.72

1.17(0.51,2.70)

0.71

 mean_HbA1c > = 9%

1.4(0.83,2.35)

0.21

1.9(0.98,3.66)

0.06

2.18(1.10,4.29)

0.03

2.92(1.02,8.38)

0.05

Mental intactness ~ Mean HbA1c

 5.6%=< mean_HbA1c < 6.5%

Ref

 

Ref

 

Ref

 

Ref

 

 mean_HbA1c < 5.6%

1.09(0.63,1.86)

0.76

1.31(0.70,2.48)

0.40

1.31(0.69,2.49)

0.40

2.45(0.72, 8.32)

0.15

 6.5%=< mean_HbA1c < 9%

0.89(0.52,1.52)

0.66

0.99(0.53,1.84)

0.97

1.02(0.54,1.91)

0.96

1.45(0.46, 4.56)

0.53

 mean_HbA1c > = 9%

1.02(0.48,2.18)

0.95

1.18(0.51,2.71)

0.70

1.12(0.48,2.64)

0.79

1.4(0.36, 5.49)

0.63

  1. Crude model: Mean HbA1c; Model 1: crude model, age, sex, residence, education, smoke, drink, BMI; Model 2: model 1, hypertension, dyslipidemia, chronic lung diseases, CVD, lipid lowing drugs, arthritis, CKD; Model 3: model 2, depression, sleep, physical activity.
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