Table 2 Nutrient intakes across tertiles of DII.

From: The role of dietary inflammation in the risk of osteoporosis in Iranian postmenopausal women: a case-control study

Variables

T1 (n = 87)

T2 (n = 88)

T3 (n = 87)

Total (n = 262)

P-value*

Energy (kcal/d)

2007.85 (296.83)

2068.78 (316.90)

2304.91 (390.03)

2126.96 (359.24

<0.001

Protein (g/day)

67.34 (12.35)

65.18 (12.91)

69.11 (13.57)

67.20 (13.00)

0.135

Carbohydrate (g/day)

301.11 (42.08)

305.18 (47.49)

337.09 (59.63)

314.42 (52.59)

<0.001

Fat (g/day)

67.05 (10.21)

73.11 (13.08)

82.30 (15.24)

74.15 (14.40)

<0.001

Fiber (g/day)

33.55 (6.50)

30.67 (5.59)

29.02 (5.25)

31.08 (6.07)

<0.001

Cholesterol (mg/day)

141.70 (39.62)

152.89 (51.03)

165.57 (47.87)

153.38 (47.28)

0.004

SFAs (g/day)

16.83 (3.77)

17.76 (3.920

21.57 (5.54)

18.72 (4.91)

<0.001

MUFAs (g/day)

25.05 (3.71)

26.68 (4.62)

28.51 (5.31)

26.74 (4.79)

<0.001

PUFAs (g/day)

18.14 (3.13)

19.26 (3.84)

19.50 (3.87)

18.97 (3.66)

0.032

Omega 6/3 ratio

25.27 (12.92)

25.79 (11.33)

24.26 (10.61)

25.11 (11.63)

0.680

Vitamin A (RAE/day)

597.32 (358.06)

438.80 (196.77)

419.30 (193.94)

484.96 (271.86)

<0.001

Beta-carotene (µg /day)

5137.21 (3606.74)

3167.34 (1617.39)

2775.43 (1460.16)

3691.32 (2632.47)

<0.001

Vitamin E (mg/day)

22.17 (4.34)

22.82 (3.92)

21.30 (5.17)

22.10 (4.53)

0.084

Vitamin K (µg/day)

164.71 (101.03)

114.94 (52.61)

110.59 (49.90)

130.02 (75.57)

<0.001

Vitamin B1 (mg/day)

1.78 (0.25)

1.77 (0.27)

1.94 (0.28)

1.83 (0.28)

<0.001

Vitamin B2 (mg/day)

1.65 (0.51)

1.58 (0.36)

1.70 (0.53)

1.64 (0.47)

0.238

Vitamin B3 (mg/day)

20.36 (2.84)

19.20 (3.22)

19.93 (2.81)

19.83 (2.99)

0.034

Vitamin B6 (mg/day)

1.74 (0.38)

1.61 (0.31)

1.68 (0.35)

1.69 (0.35)

0.008

Folate (µg/day)

464.43 (77.55)

444.46 (83.55)

483.05 (76.13)

463.91 (80.43)

0.006

Vitamin B12 (µg/day)

2.55 (1.07)

2.75 (1.24)

3.36 (1.75)

2.88 (1.42)

<0.001

Vitamin C (mg/day)

173.95 (77.71)

138.05 (62.48)

117.06 (57.56)

143.00 (70.25)

<0.001

Sodium (mg/day)

3463.71 (445.02)

3656.08 (498.61)

3936.52 (548.64)

3685.33 (533.85)

<0.001

Potassium (mg/day)

3358.31 (920.15)

3049.82 (691.55)

3099.78 (849.63)

3168.85 (833.42)

0.031

Iron (mg/day)

15.14 (2.06)

14.92 (2.34)

15.44 (2.10)

15.16 (2.17)

0.279

Calcium (mg/day)

488.99 (317.52)

438.51 (218.45)

540.24 (344.73)

489.05 (300.03)

0.080

Magnesium (mg/day)

429.49 (72.68)

407.50 (74.75)

412.33 (74.16)

416.40 (74.19)

0.120

Zinc (mg/day)

10.83 (2.08)

10.80 (2.37)

11.41 (2.45)

11.01 (2.31)

0.148

Copper (mg/day)

1.60 (0.26)

1.57 (0.33)

1.57 (0.26)

1.58 (0.28)

0.760

Selenium (µg /day)

120.86 (16.63)

122.03 (19.74)

126.71 (16.88)

123.20 (17.92)

0.074

  1. DIIdietary inflammatory index, SFAs, saturated fatty acids, PUFAs polyunsaturated fatty acids, MUFAs monounsaturated fatty acids, RAE, retinol activity equivalent, T, tertile.
  2. Values are mean ± (SD).
  3. *Using one-way ANOVA.
  4. Significant values are shown in bold.
Back to article page