Table 2 Baseline effects of remote instruction on parental mental health 2/2.

From: Remote instruction adversely impacts parental mental health, less among homeschoolers

 

Is depressed

Is losing interest

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

Remote share

0.036***

0.043***

0.041***

0.053***

0.034***

0.037***

0.039***

0.058***

 

(0.003)

(0.003)

(0.003)

(0.005)

(0.003)

(0.003)

(0.003)

(0.005)

Demographic controls

 

Yes

Yes

Yes

 

yes

Yes

Yes

COVID-19 controls

  

Yes

Yes

  

Yes

Yes

State and year FE

   

Yes

   

Yes

Observations

348,471

293,416

293,416

293,416

348,228

293,242

293,242

293,242

Adjusted \(\textrm{R}^{2}\)

0.001

0.056

0.056

0.058

0.0005

0.058

0.058

0.059

  1. Sources: Census Pulse Survey, AEI Return-to-Learn, and Social Explorer. “Is Depressed” and “Is Losing Interest” refers to whether or not a Pulse respondent reported feeling depressed or a loss of interest in life more than half the days in the last week (0–1). “Remote Share” is the share of school districts delivering only remote education in each state for a given month (ranges 0–1). “Demographic Controls” include marital status, number of household children, employment status, race, educational attainment, income, home ownership or rental, and health insurance coverage through Medicaid. COVID case/death rates are logged measured of confirmed COVID-19 cases/deaths per 100,000 people in each state during the month before. Reported standard errors are clustered at the state level.
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