Fig. 1

Flowchart of patient selection. From March 11, 2020 to July 1, 2023, there were a total of 56,400 COVID-19 and 1,093,904 non-COVID patients. Abbreviations: CKD, chronic kidney disease. ESKD, end stage kidney disease.

Flowchart of patient selection. From March 11, 2020 to July 1, 2023, there were a total of 56,400 COVID-19 and 1,093,904 non-COVID patients. Abbreviations: CKD, chronic kidney disease. ESKD, end stage kidney disease.