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Figure 1

From: Rare earth trace element doping of extrinsic multiferroics for an energy efficient remote control of magnetic properties

Figure 1

Magnetization reversals under the converse magneto-photostrictive effect. (a) FeGaLa/PMN-PZT zoomed hysteresis loops of the magnetization M, normalized to the saturated magnetization \(M_s\), measured in-plane with the magnetic field H, respectively along \(\varphi\) = \({0}^\circ\) (filled-in symbols) and \(\varphi\) = \({77.5}^\circ\) (not filled-in symbols), under the converse magneto-photostrictive effect CMPE, i.e., under the 410 nm illumination (blue circles), and in the dark state, OFF (black squares). Please note that the whole M-H loops can be found in the Supplementary Note 2. (b) FeGaLa/PMN-PZT coercive fields (\(H_{\textrm{c}}\)) polar plots under CMPE (blue filled-in circles) and in the dark state (black circles). The gray shaded area is an eye guide to indicate the \(H_{\textrm{c}}\) values previously reported for a 5 nm FeGa sample (from6). (c) FeGaLa/PMN-PZT normalized remanent magnetizations (\(M_{\textrm{R}}^\textrm{n}\)) polar plots under CMPE (blue filled-in circles) and in the dark state (black circles). The gray shaded area is an eye guide to indicate the \(M_{\textrm{R}}^\textrm{n}\) values previously reported for a 5 nm FeGa sample (from6). Dashed lines at \(77.5^\circ\) indicate the hard axis angular positions in the dark state. Continuous lines are guidelines to the eyes.

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