Table 7 Convergence results of different algorithms based on FD003.

From: Improved sand cat swarm optimization algorithm assisted GraphSAGE-GRU for remaining useful life of engine

Algorithms

R2

RMSE

SMAPE

GraphSAGE-GRU

0.9919

7.3513

0.0327

CMGRU

0.9841

10.2971

0.0443

CNN

0.9707

14.1869

0.0745

GRU

0.9663

15.0237

0.0844

CNN-GRU

0.9813

11.2008

0.0708

Transformer

0.9720

13.6919

0.0791