Fig. 3

Forest plots for SBP and DBP and ESRD outcomes stratified by age, sex, and CKD status. (a) HRs for ESRD outcomes according to SBP categories (< 120, 120–129, 130–139, 140–149, and ≥ 150 mmHg) stratified by age (< 65 years and ≥ 65 years), sex (male and female), and CKD status (CKD[-] and CKD[+]), (b) HRs for ESRD outcomes according to DBP categories (< 70, 70–79, 80–89, and ≥ 90 mmHg) stratified by the same subgroups. Each plot includes the HRs with 95% CIs and the p-values for interaction tests between subgroups. SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; ESRD: end-stage renal disease; CKD: chronic kidney disease; HRs: hazard ratios; CIs: confidence intervals.