Fig. 4

(A) Bar plot displaying the distribution of mobile genetic element (MGE) types. A Kruskal-Wallis test indicated significant overall differences among the six MGE types. Pairwise comparisons revealed notable differences. Other significant variations were observed among IS and Plasmids, Tn and ICE, and CN and IME, emphasizing the complex roles of these elements in horizontal gene transfer and ecological adaptation within the farming system. (B) Bar plot illustrating the abundance of mobile genetic elements (MGEs) across different sample types. A Kruskal-Wallis test revealed significant overall differences in MGE abundance among the samples. Pairwise comparisons highlighted significant differences, particularly between Droppings and other sample types. Additional significant differences were observed between Sediment and Feed, as well as Chicken Gut and Fish Intestine, indicating distinct patterns of MGE distribution and suggesting varied levels of gene exchange and microbial activity in the environment.