Fig. 1

Phenotype of knock-in mice. (a) Schematic representation of knock-in donor DNA. (b) Histological analyses of Vasa^wt/wt, Vasa^wt/Tk30, and Vasa^Tk30/Tk30 mouse testes (left) and epididymis (right). Scale bars: 50 µm. (c) Number of elongated spermatids per seminiferous tubule. Elongated spermatids were counted from 20 seminiferous tubules per each testis. Seminiferous tubules were counted only when the entire circumference of tubule was seen. (d) PAS-hematoxylin staining of Vasa^wt/Tk30 and Vasa^Tk30/Tk30 mouse testis. Spermatogenesis stages are shown. Scale bars: 10 µm. (e) qRT-PCR analysis of Vasa^wt/wt, Vasa^wt/Tk30, and Vasa^Tk30/Tk30 mouse testis. Error bars represent the standard error of biological replicates (n = 2). The expression levels were normalized to GAPDH expression level.