Table 1 Baseline demographic characteristics of patients in the progression and progression-free group.

From: Nomogram to predict progression from preserved ratio impaired spirometry to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

 

Overall

Progression

Progression-free

P value

Group (%)

283

134 (47.35)

149 (52.65)

< 0.0001

Sex (%)

    

Female

79 (27.92)

35 (26.12)

44 (29.53)

0.6129

Male

204 (72.08)

99 (73.88)

105 (70.47)

 

Age (%) (median [IQR])

50.000 [23.000, 63.500]

59.500 [47.000, 66.000]

37.000 [17.000, 55.000]

< 0.0001

BMI (%) (median [IQR])

21.910 [17.930, 24.640]

23.130 [20.655, 25.492]

19.410 [16.710, 23.460]

< 0.0001

Cough (%)

   

0.0918

No

152 (53.71)

64 (47.76)

88 (59.06)

 

Yes

130 (45.94)

70 (52.24)

60 (40.27)

 

Dyspnea (%)

   

0.3414

No

186 (65.72)

91 (67.91)

95 (63.76)

 

Yes

95 (33.57)

43 (32.09)

52 (34.90)

 

Ethnic (%)

    

Han

272 (96.11)

130 (97.01)

142 (95.30)

0.7397

Other

11(3.89)

4(2.99)

7(4.70)

 

Smoking history (%)

    

Current

36 (12.72)

19 (14.18)

17 (11.41)

0.0006

Former

70 (24.73)

46 (34.33)

24 (16.11)

 

Never

177 (62.54)

69 (51.49)

108 (72.48)

 

FEV1pred (%)(median [IQR])

74.400 [65.500, 81.650]

73.650 [64.825, 78.325]

76.100 [65.800, 86.600]

0.0094

FEV1/FVC (%)(median [IQR])

80.740 [72.930, 91.430]

73.930 [71.110, 80.652]

89.430 [80.190, 94.740]

< 0.0001

FVC pred (%)(median [IQR])

74.800 [63.450, 81.500]

78.100 [63.575, 84.400]

73.000 [63.700, 79.700]

0.0362

Family history of respiratory disease (%)

    

No

264 (93.29)

120 (89.55)

144 (96.64)

0.0322

Yes

19 (6.71)

14 (10.45)

5 (3.36)

 

Respiratory complications (%)

    

No

82 (28.98)

14 (10.45)

68 (45.64)

< 0.0001

Yes

201 (71.02)

120 (89.55)

81 (54.36)

 

Hypertension (%)

    

No

226 (79.86)

95 (70.90)

131 (87.92)

0.0006

Yes

57 (20.14)

39 (29.10)

18 (12.08)

 

Diabetes (%)

    

No

245 (86.57)

110 (82.09)

135 (90.60)

0.0545

Yes

38 (13.43)

24 (17.91)

14 (9.40)

 

Cardiovascular complications (%)

    

No

230 (81.27)

102 (76.12)

128 (85.91)

0.0506

Yes

53 (18.73)

32 (23.88)

21 (14.09)

 

Psychiatric complications (%)

    

No

263 (92.93)

122 (91.04)

141 (94.63)

0.3456

Yes

20 (7.07)

12 (8.96)

8 (5.37)

 

Chronic renal complications (%)

    

No

255 (90.11)

115 (85.82)

140 (93.96)

0.0366

Yes

28 (9.89)

19 (14.18)

9 (6.04)

 

Funnel chest (%)

    

No

215 (75.97)

126 (94.03)

89 (59.73)

< 0.0001

Yes

68 (24.03)

8 (5.97)

60 (40.27)

 

CT signs of emphysema (%)

    

No

219 (77.39)

91 (67.91)

128 (85.91)

0.0005

Yes

64 (22.61)

43 (32.09)

21 (14.09)

 

NLR. (median [IQR])

2.420 [1.682, 4.003]

2.490 [1.955, 3.765]

2.283 [1.489, 5.092]

0.4178

PLR. (median [IQR])

118.462 [85.527, 157.621]

120.515 [86.490, 159.595]

118.227 [81.437, 155.102]

0.8109

MLR (median [IQR])

0.263 [0.190, 0.398]

0.270 [0.212, 0.380]

0.258 [0.176, 0.436]

0.4346

Red blood cell, 1012/L(median [IQR])

4.570 [4.200, 4.990]

4.540 [4.270, 5.020]

4.570 [4.130, 4.920]

0.3675

Hemoglobin, g/L (median [IQR])

136.000 [123.000, 147.000]

136.000 [122.000, 147.000]

136.000 [124.000, 146.000]

0.8757

Platelet, 109/L(median [IQR])

184.000 [144.000, 228.000]

174.500 [146.250, 221.250]

192.000 [135.000, 233.000]

0.2093

White blood cell,109/L (median [IQR])

6.450 [5.245, 8.125]

6.455 [5.217, 7.755]

6.450 [5.360, 8.620]

0.2223

Neutrophil, 109/L(median [IQR])

4.080 [2.970, 5.580]

4.200 [3.055, 5.345]

3.970 [2.820, 5.870]

0.8557

Lymphocyte, 109/L (median [IQR])

1.600 [1.215, 2.000]

1.525 [1.228, 1.883]

1.650 [1.200, 2.120]

0.114

Monocyte, 109/L (median [IQR])

0.430 [0.320, 0.585]

0.430 [0.322, 0.555]

0.430 [0.320, 0.660]

0.354

Eosinophilic, 109/L (median [IQR])

0.120 [0.060, 0.220]

0.120 [0.070, 0.238]

0.110 [0.050, 0.210]

0.1431

Basophil, 109/L (median [IQR])

0.020 [0.020, 0.040]

0.020 [0.020, 0.040]

0.020 [0.020, 0.030]

0.5675

Albumin, g/L (median [IQR])

42.000 [38.550, 45.300]

40.850 [38.425, 44.600]

42.900 [39.400, 45.500]

0.0437

Glucose, mmol/L (median [IQR])

5.120 [4.655, 5.670]

5.265 [4.762, 5.885]

4.930 [4.600, 5.430]

0.0035

Triglyceride, mmol/L (median [IQR])

1.080 [0.760, 1.480]

1.210 [0.825, 1.708]

0.980 [0.730, 1.300]

0.0019

Cholesterol, mmol/L(median [IQR])

3.980 [3.430, 4.775]

4.305 [3.750, 5.008]

3.740 [3.330, 4.460]

< 0.0001

Fibrinogen, mmol/L (median [IQR])

2.930 [2.345, 3.850]

3.095 [2.590, 4.058]

2.820 [2.250, 3.600]

0.0037

  1. Data are n (%), or median [IQR].
  2. P-value for comparison between progression and progression-free group. P value less than 0.05 is considered significant.
  3. BMI body mass index, FEV1 forced expiratory volume in 1 s, FVC forced vital capacity, IQR interquartile range, MLR monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio, NLR Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, PLR platelet lymphocyte ratio, PRISm preserved ratio impaired spirometry.
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