Table 5 K+, Na+ and Mg++ content (mg/0.1 g dwt) in root of soybean plants grown under different NaCl concentrations and sprayed with or without nTiO2.

From: Interpreting the potential of biogenic TiO2 nanoparticles on enhancing soybean resilience to salinity via maintaining ion homeostasis and minimizing malondialdehyde

Treatments

K+

Na+

Mg++

NaCl (mM)

NPs (30 ppm)

Days after salt treatment

15

30

15

30

15

30

0

− nTiO2

1.67 ± 0.044b

1.71 ± 0.045b

0.09 ± 0.004e

0.12 ± 0.0047f

0.66 ± 0.017b

0.68 ± 0.017b

+ nTiO2

1.71 ± 0.045a

1.78 ± 0.046a

0.084 ± 0.0045e

0.10 ± 0.005 g

0.67 ± 0.017a

0.71 ± 0.018a

25

− nTiO2

1.62 ± 0.042c

1.45 ± 0.038

0.11 ± 0.0046d

0.14 ± 0.0049ef

0.524 ± 0.013ab

0.61 ± 0.016c

+ nTiO2

1.64 ± 0.043ab

1.53 ± 0.040c

0.1 ± 0.005d

0.12 ± 0.0051f

0.55 ± 0.0145ab

0.41 ± 0.003d

50

− nTiO2

1.409 ± 0.037e

1.353 ± 0.035d

0.15 ± 0.0051 cd

0.18 ± 0.0052d

0.49 ± 0.012d

0.41 ± 0.002de

+ nTiO2

1.54 ± 0.040d

1.515 ± 0.040 cd

0.13 ± 0.0051d

0.15 ± 0.0059e

0.51 ± 0.013c

0.412 ± 0.0029d

100

− nTiO2

1.17 ± 0.030d

1.09 ± 0.028de

0.205 ± 0.0054c

0.24 ± 0.006b

0.473 ± 0.012de

0.406 ± 0.0028de

+ nTiO2

1.409 ± 0.037e

1.105 ± 0.029e

0.2 ± 0.0052c

0.21 ± 0.0059c

0.478 ± 0.012de

0.41 ± 0.0028d

150

− nTiO2

1.075 ± 0.03dg

0.93 ± 0.024f

0.22 ± 0.0064b

0.27 ± 0.006a

0.459 ± 0.012 fg

0.395 ± 0.002e

+ nTiO2

1.36 ± 0.035f

1.006 ± 0.026ef

0.21 ± 0.006c

0.23 ± 0.006bc

0.46 ± 0.012f

0.40 ± 0.0027de

200

− nTiO2

0.75 ± 0.019i

–

0.24 ± 0.0066a

–

0.42 ± 0.010 g

–

+ nTiO2

1.03 ± 0.027gh

0.88 ± 0.023 g

0.23 ± 0.007ab

0.25 ± 0.0076ab

0.451 ± 0.012 fg

0.381 ± 0.0021e

  1. *Values are given as means ± standard errors from three replicates. Statistical comparisons were performed using one-way ANOVA and Duncan multiple range test (p < 0·05). Different letters inside the column indicate significant difference between treatments.
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