Table 7 Model parameters of Fe@BC and BC for Pb(II), Cu(II), and Ni(II).

From: Adsorption of Fe-modified peanut shell biochar for Pb(II) in mixed Pb(II), Cu(II), Ni(II) solutions

Model

Parameters

BC

Fe@BC

Metal ions

Pb

Cu

Ni

Pb

Cu

Ni

LIM

Qm

16.625

10.865

0.497

23.245

21.551

0.736

kL

0.109

− 0.176

− 1.677 × 1016

0.313

− 0.274

− 6.383 × 1018

R2

0.836

0.938

4.441 × 10–16

0.752

0.617

− 1.110–15

FIM

kf

7.550

20.499

9.687 × 10–7

15.804

40.802

9.450 × 10–6

n

6.473

− 7.853

0.337

12.524

− 7.222

0.392

R2

0.903

0.988

0.976

0.898

0.814

0.935

LFIM

QLF

95.357

18.549

1.323

85.305

27.201

1.931

kLF

1.108 × 10–6

0.003

0.011

7.674 × 10–7

0.006

0.011

nLF

0.181

− 0.378

6.265

0.106

− 1.844

5.292

R2

0.902

0.990

0.997

0.894

0.969

0.956

HeIM

kH

0.037

− 0.025

0.016

0.035

− 0.080

0.021

CH

11.784

13.855

− 0.739

19.556

28.512

− 0.917

R2

0.925

0.965

0.943

0.975

0.953

0.921

RPIM

a

423.947

0.345

7.240 × 1012

871.548

0.026

3.913 × 108

kRP

3.202 × 103

8.323

0.011

1.378 × 104

3.757

0.016

nRP

0.846

1.160

− 6.810

0.920

1.416

− 4.570

R2

0.903

0.990

0.997

0.898

0.995

0.950

KCIM

AKC

1.677

168.171

0.015

2.333

3.706 × 105

0.028

nKC

0.020

− 0.378

0.341

0.009

− 1.835

0.314

kKC

− 0.803

9.064

− 0.187

− 0.857

1.362 × 104

− 0.211

R2

0.910

0.990

0.912

0.907

0.969

0.868

SIM

Qsips

1621.323

18.551

1.323

4.247 × 104

27.212

2.147

ksips

0.005

9.071

6.367 × 10–13

0.004

1.363 × 104

6.823 × 10–10

nsips

0.156

− 0.378

6.266

0.080

− 1.835

4.661

R2

0.903

0.990

0.997

0.898

0.969

0.955

HiIM

QHill

1.072 × 104

18.551

1.323

1.082 × 104

− 1.702 × 105

2.169

nHill

0.155

− 0.378

6.266

0.080

− 0.138

4.612

kHill

1419.055

0.110

1.574 × 1012

683.656

− 4.170 × 103

1.200 × 109

R2

0.903

0.990

0.997

0.898

0.814

0.955

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