Table 1 Physical characteristic of Raw materials.
Sl. No. | Raw materials | Physical/Geotechnical characteristics | Standard Codes | Obtained values |
|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | Gold ore tailings | Specific gravity,Gs | ASTM 2000a | 2.73 |
Liquid Limit, LL (%) | ASTM 2000b | 25.00% | ||
Plastic Limit, PL (%) | 17.09% | |||
Plasticity Index, PI (%) | 7.91% | |||
Shrinkage Limit, SL (%) | 23.49% | |||
D10 From hydrometer analysis | ASTM 2007 | 0.0035 mm | ||
D30 | 0.0211 mm | |||
D60 | 0.041 mm | |||
D10 From particle size analyzer test | 2.552 μm | |||
D50 | 19.337 μm | |||
D90 | 81.822 μm | |||
Passing in IS 75 μm sieve | 88.78% | |||
Co-efficient of Uniformity, (Cu) | 11.71 | |||
Co-efficient of Curvature, (Cc) | 3.08 | |||
Optimum Moisture Content | 15.77% | |||
2. | Class F fly ash | Specific gravity, Gs | BIS, 2004 | 2.3 |
Fineness | 300.55 m2/kg | |||
D10 From particle size analyzer test | 1.178 μm | |||
D50 | 3.932 μm | |||
D90 | 16.409 μm | |||
3. | GGBFS | Specific Gravity | 2.91 | |
Fineness | 360 m2/kg | |||
4. | River sand | Specific gravity | IS 2386- Part III 1963 | 2.62 |
Water absorption | 1.05% | |||
Bulk density | 1424.0 kg/m3 (Loose) | |||
1690.0 kg/m3 (Compacted) | ||||
Sieve analysis | IS:383 1970 | Conforming to zone II as per IS 383 1970 | ||
5. | Recycled coarse aggregates | Specific gravity | IS 2386- Part III 1963 | 2.54 |
Water absorption | 1.3% | |||
Bulk density | 1377.13 kg/m3 (Loose) | |||
1658.29 kg/m3 (Compacted) | ||||
Sieve analysis | IS:383 1970 | Conforming to grade II as per IS 383 1970 | ||
Crushing strength | IS: 2386-Part IV 2016 | 29.82% | ||
Impact value | 21.15% | |||
Shape of aggregates | IS:2386 -Part I 1963 | 9.35% (Flakiness index) | ||
20.85% (Elongation index) | ||||
Abrasion value | IS:2386-Part V 1963 | 25.20% | ||
7. | Sodium hydroxide pellets | Assay (acidimetric) | - | 97% |
Carbonate (as Na2CO3) | - | 1.0% | ||
Chloride (Cl) | - | 0.01% | ||
Sulphate (SO4) | - | 0.003% | ||
Phosphate (PO4) | - | 0.002% | ||
Silicate (SiO2) | - | 0.01% | ||
Nitrogen compounds (as N) | - | 0.0005% | ||
9. | Sodium silicate solution | Specific gravity | - | 1.28 |
Na2O | - | 8.5 | ||
SiO2 | - | 28.0 | ||
Water | - | 63.5 | ||
10. | Super plasticizer (SP 575) | Specific Gravity | - | 1.22 |
Appearance | - | Dark brown liquid | ||
Flash point | - | Not applicable | ||
Shelf life | - | 12 months | ||
Chloride content | - | Nil | ||
Nitrate content | - | Nil | ||
Viscosity | - | 60 s | ||
Setting time | - | Setting retardation of 2–6 h is likely at 30 °C |
