Table 2 Comparative analysis with GA and PSO.

From: Forward-thinking frequency management in islanded marine microgrid utilizing heterogeneous source of generation and nonlinear control assisted by energy storage integration

Algorithm

ITAE (lower is better)

IAE

ITSE

ISE

Undershoot (%)

CCMGO (Proposed)

13.385

0.003

0.142

0.293

0.022

PSO

13.9083

0.1622

0.2943

0.0035

0.038

GA

30.6077

0.4153

0.6108

0.0088

0.039

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