Table 1 Characteristics of the included studies.
Study ID | Design of study | Sample | Ccurrnt smoker | Former smoker | Never smoker | Average age | sex (B/G) | Outcome measure | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
T | C | T | C | T | C | T | C | T | C | T | C | |||
Atsushi Nishikawa. (2022) | case control study | 385 | 665 | 26 | 93 | 152 | 172 | 207 | 400 | 43.5 | 44.6 | 227/158 | 376/289 | 1/2/3 |
Philippe de SAUSSURE. (2007) | case control study | 198 | 198 | 22 | 43 | 63 | 32 | 113 | 123 | 43.7 | 43.9 | 1.00 | 99/99 | 1/2/3 |
Miguel Regueiro. (2005) | case control study | 136 | 118 | 12 | 39 | 30 | 11 | 94 | 68 | 58/78 | 42/76 | 1/2/3 | ||
Marc D. Silverstein. (1994) | case control study | 100 | 100 | 9 | 37 | 22 | 12 | 69 | 51 | 36.7 | 36.6 | 46/54 | 46/54 | 1/2/3 |
Yosikazu Nakamura. (1994) | case control study | 381 | 384 | 48 | 119 | 81 | 39 | 252 | 226 | 183/197 | 185/199 | 1/2/3 | ||
Bettina D. (1993) | case control study | 82 | 102 | 14 | 47 | 20 | 9 | 48 | 46 | 1/2/3 | ||||
Robert S. Sandler. (1992) | case control study | 172 | 131 | 39 | 36 | 42 | 23 | 91 | 72 | 45 | 43.4 | 72/100 | 48/83 | 1/2/3 |
ELINDBERG. (1988) | case control study | 239 | 414 | 64 | 168 | 48 | 34 | 127 | 212 | 31.6 | 29 | 1/2/3 | ||
Boyko Edward J. (1987) | case control study | 212 | 209 | 45 | 69 | 51 | 26 | 116 | 114 | 36.7 | 36.6 | 110/102 | 109/100 | 1/2/3 |
