Table 3 Clinical and AMI-treatment-related data (1) in patients with and without early depressive symptoms 5 days after AMI; (2) in patients with and without depression 6 months after AMI; and 3) in depressive patients with and without comorbid PTSD 6 months after AMI.

From: Red flags for depression and PTSD following acute myocardial infarction: the role of early psychological symptoms

Category

 

5 days after acute myocardial infarction

6 months after acute myocardial infarction

Patients with early depressive symptoms

Patients without early depressive symptoms

p

Patients with depression

Patients without depression

P

Depressive patients with comorbid PTSD

Depressive patients without comorbid PTSD

P

(n = 55)

(n = 74)

 

(n = 67)

(n = 62)

 

(n = 44)

(n = 23)

 

Anthropometry

Height (cm)

Median (Range)

176 (152 − 19)

175 (155–196)

.52d

175 (155–196)

176 (152–191)

.27d

174 (155–185)

175,5 (162–196)

.16d

Weight (kg)

Median (Range)

86 (54–119)

85 (53–132)

.96d

85 (53–132)

85 (54–119)

.99d

87 (53–132)

84,5 (65–128)

.96d

Cardiac status at time of admission

STEMI

n (%)

35 (43%)

47 (47%)

> .99a

42 (51%)

40 (49%)

.86a

25 (60%)

17 (40%)

.20a

NSTEMI

n (%)

20 (43%)

27 (57%)

25 (53%)

22 (47%)

19 (76%)

6 (24%)

Killip mortality risk stratification

Killip class I

n (%)

41 (41%)

60 (59%)

χ² = 4.221;

p = .24c, e

52 (51%)

49 (49%)

χ² = 2.762;

p = .43c, e

35 (67%)

17 (33%)

χ² = 1.096,;

p = .78c, e

Killip class II

n (%)

5 (63%)

3 (38%)

5 (63%)

3 (38%)

3 (60%)

2 (40%)

Killip class III

n (%)

3 (50%)

3 (50%)

3 (50%)

3 (50%)

2 (67%)

1 (33%)

Killip class IV

n (%)

2 (100%)

0 (0%)

2 (100%)

0 (0%)

2 (100%)

0 (0%)

Abnormal level of troponin T

n (%)

55 (43%)

74 (57%)

-

67 (52%)

62 (48%)

-

44 (66%)

23 (34%)

-

Cardiogenic shock

n (%)

0 (-)

0 (-)

-

0 (-)

0 (-)

-

0 (-)

0 (-)

-

AMI-related resuscitation

n (%)

3 (75%)

1 (25%)

.31a

3 (75%)

1 (25%)

.62a

3 (100%)

0 (0%)

.55a

ECG: Frequency (beats/min)

Median (Range)

70 (46–104)

72 (52–108)

.53d

70 (46–106)

73,5 (52–108)

.57d

70 (46–106)

70 (50–104)

.86d

ECG: Atrial fibrillation

n (%)

5 (62%)

3 (38%)

.28a

6 (75%)

2 (25%)

.27a

3 (50%)

3 (50%)

.41a

PCI-related parameters

 TIMI flow before PCI

  0

n (%)

8 (62%)

5 (38%)

χ² = 1.415;

p = .70c, e

7 (54%)

6 (46%)

χ² = 5.739;

p = .057c, e

3 (43%)

4 (57%)

χ² = 2.100,;

p = .55c, e

  0-I

n (%)

50 (55%)

41 (45%)

48 (53%)

43 (47%)

32 (67%)

16 (33%)

  II

n (%)

12 (60%)

8 (40%)

8 (40%)

12 (60%)

6 (75%)

2 (25%)

  III

n (%)

4 (80%)

1 (20%)

4 (80%)

1 (20%)

3 (75%)

1 (25%)

 TIMI flow after PCI

  0

n (%)

0 (-)

0 (-)

χ² = 5.739; p = .057c, e

0 (-)

0 (-)

χ² = 1.601;

p = .45c, e

0 (-)

0 (-)

χ² = 3.365;

p = .76c, e

  0-I

n (%)

4 (80%)

1 (20%)

1 (20%)

4 (80%)

1 (100%)

0 (0%)

  II

n (%)

2 (22%)

7 (78%)

8 (89%)

1 (11%)

5 (63%)

3 (37%)

  III

n (%)

68 (59%)

47 (41%)

58 (50%)

57 (50%)

38 (66%)

20 (34%)

Multivessel PCI

n (%)

11 (41%)

16 (59%)

.52a

16 (59%)

11 (41%)

χ² = 1.601,

p = .45c

12 (75%)

4 (25%)

.55a

Max. stent length in the target vessel (mm)

Median (Range)

28 (12–126)

26 (10–82)

.29d

28 (13–126)

25 (10–82)

.35d

28 (13–126)

28 (15–72)

.95d

Max. stent diameter in the target vessel (mm)

Median (Range)

300 (250–400)

300 (100–400)

> .99d

300 (250–400)

300 (100–400)

.56d

300 (250–400)

300 (250–400)

.50d

In-hospital outcome

Death

n (%)

0 (-)

0 (-)

-

0 (-)

0 (-)

-

0 (-)

0 (-)

-

Stroke

n (%)

0 (-)

0 (-)

-

0 (-)

0 (-)

-

0 (-)

0 (-)

-

Major bleeding

n (%)

0 (-)

0 (-)

-

0 (-)

0 (-)

-

0 (-)

0 (-)

-

Reinfarction

n (%)

0 (0%)

2 (100%)

.51a

0 (0%)

2 (100%)

χ² = 2.812,

p = .25c

0 (-)

0 (-)

-

Left-ventricular ejection fraction (%)

Median (Range)

55 (15–70)

50 (30–70)

.30d

54,5 (15–70)

50 (30–70)

.45d

53 (15–70)

54,5 (15–70)

.47d

Cardiac risk factors

Known coronary artery disease

n (%)

10 (45%)

12 (55%)

> .99a

16 (73%)

6 (27%)

.06a

11 (69%)

5 (31%)

> .99a

Nicotine abuse

n (%)

28 (47%)

31 (53%)

.31a

29 (49%)

30 (51%)

.60a

20 (69%)

9 (31%)

.80a

Peripheral arterial occlusive disease

n (%)

2 (50%)

2 (50%)

> .99a

3 (75%)

1 (25%)

.62a

3 (100%)

0 (0%)

0.55a

IDDM

n (%)

1 (50%)

1 (50%)

> .99a

2 (100%)

0 (0%)

.50a

1 (50%)

1 (50%)

> .99a

NIDDM

n (%)

6 (32%)

13 (68%)

.33a

12 (63%)

7 (37%)

.33a

10 (83%)

2 (17%)

.20a

Hypertension

n (%)

48 (42%)

67 (58%)

.58a

58 (50%)

57 (50%)

.40a

36 (62%)

22 (38%)

.15a

Hyperlipidemia

n (%)

34 (49%)

35 (51%)

.15a

41 (59%)

28 (41%)

.15a

27 (66%)

14 (34%)

> .99a

Positive family history

n (%)

12 (50%)

12 (50%)

.64a

12 (50%)

12 (50%)

> .99a

7 (58%)

5 (42%)

.48a

History of myocardial infarction

n (%)

7 (50%)

7 (50%)

.58a

11 (79%)

3 (21%)

0.047a

9 (82%)

2 (18%)

.48a

Severe liver disease

n (%)

2 (67%)

1 (33%)

.58a

1 (33%)

2 (67%)

.61a

0 (0%)

1 (100%)

.34a

History of TIA or Stroke

n (%)

2 (50%)

2 (50%)

> .99a

3 (75%)

1 (25%)

.62a

1 (33%)

2 (67%)

.26a

  1. AMI, acute myocardial infarction; IDDM, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; NIDDM, non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; TIA, transient ischemic attack; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; TIMI flow, thrombolysis in myocardial infarction flow.
  2. a Fisher’s exact test, b Student’s t-test, c χ² test, d Mann–Whitney U signed rank test, e Bonferroni adjusted.