Table 5 Maximum tunnel deformation and its reduction.

From: Mechanisms and optimization of system bolts in shallow four-track HSR tunnels based on deformation pressure theory

Rock grade

Original scheme

Scheme 1

Reduction

Scheme 2

Reduction (%)

Scheme 3

Reduction (%)

III

9.096

9.099

− 0.00033

9.08

0.18

9.091

0.05

IV

17.12

17.14

− 0.12%

17.06

0.35

17.11

0.06

V

44.38

44.5

− 0.27%

44.35

0.07

25.78

41.91

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