Table 3 Physiological characteristics of participants. Data are mean ± SD.

From: The effects and post-exercise energy metabolism characteristics of different high-intensity interval training in obese adults

Characteristic

WB-HIIT (n = 9)

JR-HIIT (n = 9)

CG (n = 11)

Repeated measures ANOVA P-value (η2) (time, interaction)

Pre

Post

Pre

Post

Pre

Post

Estimated daily energy intake (kJ/d)

6803 ± 1141

6926 ± 996

7316 ± 772

7472 ± 860

7496 ± 894

7477 ± 811

0.246 (0.05), 0.565 (0.04)

122 ± 459 (− 231, 475), 0.11

157 ± 313 (− 84, 397), 0.19

− 19 ± 388 (− 280, 241), 0.02

Body mass

(kg)

71.0 ± 7.8

69.1 ± 7.5a

70.0 ± 6.4

67.2 ± 7.3a

72.1 ± 4.5

72.4 ± 4.6

 < 0.000 (0.52), < 0.000 (0.46)

− 1.9 ± 1.8 (− 2.1, − 0.9)b; 0.25

− 2.8 ± 1.8 (− 3.9, − 1.8)b; 0.41

0.2 ± 0.8 (− 0.7, 1.2); 0.09

Body mass index

(kg/m2)

25.6 ± 1.9

25.0 ± 1.7a

25.0 ± 0.6

24.0 ± 0.9a

24.7 ± 0.5

24.8 ± 0.7

 < 0.000 (0.55), < 0.000 (0.48)

− 0.7 ± 0.6 (− 1.0, − 0.3)b; 0.33

− 1.0 ± 0.6 (− 1.4, − 0.7)b; 1.30

0.1 ± 0.3 (− 0.3, 0.4); 0.16

Fat mass

(kg)

22.9 ± 5.1

21.3 ± 4.7a

23.2 ± 3.0

20.9 ± 2.8a

24.0 ± 3.0

24.1 ± 2.8

 < 0.000 (0.53), 0.001 (0.43)

− 1.5 ± 1.6 (− 2.4, − 0.7)b; 0.33

− 2.3 ± 1.2 (− 3.2, − 1.4)b; 0.79

0.1 ± 0.8 (− 0.7, 0.9); 0.35

% body fat

(BIA)

32.2 ± 5.8

30.9 ± 6.3a

33.2 ± 3.8

31.2 ± 4.5a

33.3 ± 4.1

33.4 ± 4.0

0.002 (0.32), 0.032 (0.0.23)

− 1.3 ± 1.7 (− 2.3, − 0.2); 0.21

− 1.9 ± 1.9 (− 3.0, − 0.8)b; 0.48

0.1 ± 1.2 (− 1.0, 1.1); 0.03

Muscle mass

(kg)

26.9 ± 3.8

28.4 ± 3.9a

27.8 ± 6.4

27.0 ± 6.4a

28.9 ± 5.0

29.4 ± 5.5

0.028 (0.17), < 0.000 (0.50)

1.5 ± 0.7 (0.8, 2.1)c; 0.39

− 0.8 ± 1.1 (− 1.4, − 0.1)b,c; 0.13

0.5 ± 1.0 (− 0.1, 1.1); 0.10

Visceral adipose tissue

(BIA)

66.3 ± 18.1

65.6 ± 17.2

55.1 ± 18.8

51.6 ± 17.8a

59.5 ± 19.7

59.0 ± 21.9

0.115 (0.09), 0.347 (0.08)

− 0.7 ± 4.7 (− 4.1, 2.8); 0.04

− 3.5 ± 3.8 (− 7.0, − 0.1); 0.19

− 0.4 ± 6.1 (− 3.5, 2.7); 0.02

Hand grip

(kg)

37.2 ± 8.3

40.5 ± 8.4a

34.3 ± 10.0

36.5 ± 10.3a

41.2 ± 6.8

42.7 ± 6.1a

 < 0.000 (0.77), 0.018 (0.27)

3.3 ± 1.3 (2.4, 4.2)b; 0.40

2.2 ± 1.1 (1.3, 3.1); 0.22

1.5 ± 1.5 (0.7, 2.3); 0.23

Back strength

(kg)

33.9 ± 9.6

41.8 ± 10.6a

33.4 ± 10.5

37.0 ± 11.8a

39.4 ± 9.1

41.6 ± 9.5a

 < 0.000 (0.80), < 0.000 (0.52)

7.9 ± 1.6 (5.0, 8.4)b,c; 0.78

3.6 ± 3.6 (2.2, 5.6)c; 0.32

2.3 ± 1.7 (0.7, 3.8); 0.24

  1. Values represent Means ± SD [mean change (95% confidence interval)]; Cohen’s d.
  2. aMeans significant difference compared to the baseline values (p < 0.05).
  3. bMeans significant changes compared to the control group (p < 0.05).
  4. cMeans significant changes compared to the intervention group (p < 0.05).
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