Fig. 3 | Scientific Reports

Fig. 3

From: Bacterial symbiont as game changers for Aphis craccivora Koch’s fitness and survival across distinct climate types

Fig. 3

Effects of Buchnera-reduced (BR) infection on daily fertility and nymph production of black cowpea aphids (BCAs). Specimens of BCA were collected from alfalfa crops cultivated under (A–B) cold semi-arid (CS) climate, (C–D) humid subtropical (HS) climate, and (E–F) hot desert (HD) climate. The flag levels of significance (NS, **, and ***) indicate significant differences (t-test, NS P > 0.05; *** P < 0.001).

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