Fig. 1

Experimental design. Black circles and black Square: paricalcitol and Zoledronic acid injections, respectively. Black Rectangle: Calcitriol gavage. In this experiment, 195 NMRI female mice were utilized. Prior to the allocation of groups, 5 mice were randomly chosen for the assessment of blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 and calcium levels. The remaining 190 mice were subsequently divided into 5 groups (n = 38 each): (1) control group, (2) vitamin D overdose (VDO) and normal calcium (VitD+Ca), these mice were treated with vitamin D daily with low phosphorus and calcium diet, (3) vitamin D and calcium deficient (VitD−Ca−), these mice were treated with paricalcitol and normal phosphorus and calcium diet, (4) vitamin D deficient and normal- calcium (VitD−Ca), these mice were treated with paricalcitol and high phosphorus and calcium diet, (5) vitamin D normal and calcium deficient (VitD Ca−), these mice were treated zoledronic acid with low phosphorus and calcium diet.