Fig. 1
From: Bio-accelerated weathering of ultramafic minerals with Gluconobacter oxydans

Proposed system for bio-accelerated weathering of ultramafic materials for carbon mineralization. This work focuses on the rate-limiting step, the metal leaching stage (enclosed in red box), where G. oxydans biolixiviant leaches magnesium ions and other metals from dunite. Downstream carbonation results in magnesite formation for CO2 storage, and metal recovery done chemically or electrochemically can extract energy-critical metals for commercial use.