Table 2 Semi-variance model parameters of ordinary kriging method.

From: kNDVI reveals vegetation dynamics and hydro–edaphic controls in inner Mongolia (2000–2024)

Soil nutrient

Model

ME

RMSSE

RMSE

MSE

TP

Gaussian

0.0028

0.9836

1.5689

1.5236

TN

Gaussian

0.0005

1.1967

0.5385

0.5326

TK

Spherical

0.0039

1.1628

1.5000

1.5961

SOM

Exponential

0.0051

0.9579

2.7146

2.9268

AP

Exponential

0.0016

1.1205

0.9592

0.8629

AN

Spherical

0.0028

0.9995

3.2689

3.5616

AK

Gaussian

0.0031

1.0618

0.1379

0.1432

pH

Exponenttial

0.0035

1.1018

1.4213

1.2976