Table 1 Comparison table of the proposed method relative to existing techniques.

From: Improving spectral efficiency in distributed massive MIMO in multi-user downlink millimeter wave

Method

Architecture

Optimization Strategy

Optimization Strategy

Complexity

Analog Beamforming

Phase only

Fixed phase shifters

Low

Very low

OMP22

Fully connected

Greedy algorithm

Moderate

Moderate

PE-AltMin11

Fully connected

Alternating Minimization

High

High

Fully Digital

Fully baseband

Direct SVD or MMSE

Very High

Very High

Proposed Method

Fully-connected, Distributed SBSs

Two-stage iterative using KKT

Very High

Low to Moderate