Table 1 Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of the study population.

From: Preoperative radiomics models for predicting risks of distinct recurrence patterns in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma based on contrast enhanced CT

Characteristic

ALL cohort

N = 290

Test cohort

N = 87

Training cohort

N = 203

P value

Age, Mean ± SD

61.58 ± 9.89

59.84 ± 9.86

62.34 ± 9.83

0.060

Sex, n(%)

   

1.000

Male

186(64.14%)

56(63.64%)

130(64.36%)

 

Female

104(35.86%)

31(36.36%)

72(35.64%)

 

BMI(kg/m2),

Mean ± SD

23.71 ± 3.30

23.84 ± 2.94

23.66 ± 3.44

0.324

Hemoglobin,

Mean ± SD

130.73 ± 15.97

132.03 ± 15.36

130.16 ± 16.23

0.583

MCH, M (Q₁, Q₃)

30.60 (29.60,31.80)

30.40(29.55,31.70)

31.10(29.67,31.83)

0.117

MCHC, Mean ± SD

335.26 ± 14.08

334.81 ± 11.93

335.46 ± 14.94

0.425

Platelet, Mean ± SD

221.64 ± 67.37

225.41 ± 55.71

220.00 ± 71.93

0.181

Lymphocyte,

M (Q₁, Q₃)

1.47 (1.21, 1.90)

1.49 (1.20, 1.94)

1.44 (1.23, 1.71)

0.425

Neutrophil,

M (Q₁, Q₃)

3.29 (2.62, 4.24)

3.31 (2.69, 4.31)

3.16 (2.52, 3.89)

0.136

Eosinophils,

M (Q₁, Q₃)

0.12 (0.07, 0.20)

0.12 (0.07, 0.20)

0.11 (0.07, 0.20)

0.880

Basophil granulocyte,

M (Q₁, Q₃)

0.03 (0.02, 0.04)

0.03 (0.02, 0.04)

0.02 (0.02, 0.04)

0.751

Mononuclear cell count, M (Q₁, Q₃)

0.40 (0.31, 0.52)

0.41 (0.31, 0.54)

0.40 (0.32, 0.47)

0.630

Platelet volume,

M (Q₁, Q₃)

10.50 (9.60,11.20)

10.50 (9.55,11.20)

10.50(9.60,11.22)

0.768

Platelet distribution width, M (Q₁, Q₃)

15.20(12.15,16.15)

15.40(12.30,16.10)

14.30(11.90,16.20)

0.447

AST, M (Q₁, Q₃)

28.00(16.15,113.00)

27.90(15.82,94.50)

32.00(17.10,124.05)

0.365

Total bilirubin,

M (Q₁, Q₃)

21.60(11.66,152.53)

16.97(11.47,130.16)

31.33(13.12,171.53)

0.059

Direct bilirubin,

M (Q₁, Q₃)

7.08 (3.80, 116.08)

6.30 (3.65, 100.24)

15.18 (4.01, 135.84)

0.072

Total protein,

M (Q₁, Q₃)

64.27 (60.29,69.37)

64.74 (60.16,69.45)

63.55 (60.29, 68.99)

0.802

Albumin,

M (Q₁, Q₃)

39.65 (37.33,43.05)

40.20 (37.00,43.12)

39.16 (37.78, 42.05)

0.621

Glutamyl transpeptidase,

M (Q₁, Q₃)

39.00(16.00,570.00)

35.00(15.35,503.75)

48.80(17.00,655.50)

0.285

Prothrombin time,

M (Q₁, Q₃)

10.80 (9.80, 12.10)

10.90 (9.90, 12.07)

10.50 (9.70, 12.22)

0.599

Antithrombin III,

M (Q₁, Q₃)

106.00(92.22,123.92)

105.00(92.25,121.82)

108.00(92.68,129.25)

0.253

PT ratio,

M (Q₁, Q₃)

10.80 (9.80, 12.10)

10.90 (9.90, 12.07)

10.50 (9.70, 12.22)

0.63

Fibrinogen,

M (Q₁, Q₃)

0.95 (0.88, 1.03)

0.95 (0.88, 1.04)

0.94 (0.88, 1.02)

0.683

APTT, M (Q₁, Q₃)

30.90 (27.90, 34.00)

31.00 (27.90, 33.92)

30.80 (27.85, 34.85)

0.845

Thrombin time,

M (Q₁, Q₃)

14.90 (13.80, 16.67)

14.80 (13.80, 16.95)

15.00 (13.78, 16.45)

0.794

Carcinoembryonic antigen, M (Q₁, Q₃)

3.13 (2.08, 5.22)

3.15 (2.08, 6.41)

3.10 (2.09, 4.53)

0.347

AJCC stage, n(%)

   

0.789

IA

19(6.55%)

6(6.90%)

13(6.41%)

 

IB

91(31.38%)

22(26.43%)

69(33.50%)

 

IIA

51(17.59%)

16(18.39%)

35(17.24%)

 

IIB

80(27.59%)

27(30.34%)

53(26.14%)

 

III

49(16.90%)

16(18.39%)

33(16.26%)

 

Abdominal pain, n(%)

   

0.137

No

116(40.00%)

29(33.33%)

87(42.86%)

 

Yes

174(60.00%)

58(66.67%)

115(57.14%)

 

Ventosity, n(%)

   

0.694

No

191(65.86%)

56(63.37%)

135(66.50%)

 

Yes

99(34.14%)

31(36.63%)

67(33.00%)

 

Diabetes mellitus, n(%)

   

0.124

No

215 (75.17%)

62 (71.26%)

153 (75.38%)

 

Yes

71 (24.83%)

25(28.74%)

46 (24.62%)

 

Adjuvant therapy, n(%)

   

0.759

No

81(27.93%)

23(26.43%)

58(28.57%)

 

Yes

209(72.07%)

64(73.57%)

144(71.43%)

 

CA19–9 (U/mL), n(%)

   

0.812

 ≤ 150

131(45.17%)

41(47.13%)

90(44.33%)

 

150–1000

124(42.76%)

38(43.68%)

86(42.40%)

 

 > 1000

35(12.07%)

8(9.20%)

27(13.27%)

 

Tumor size(cm), n(%)

   

0.743

 ≤ 2

34(11.72)

9(10.34%)

25(12.32%)

 

2–4

126(43.45)

35(40.23%)

91(44.82%)

 

 > 4

130(44.83%)

43(49.43%)

87(42.84%)

 

Suspicious lymph nodes, n(%)

   

0.218

0

188(64.83%)

52(62.07%)

136(66.01%)

 

1–3

92(31.72%)

34(37.73%)

58(29.07%)

 

 ≥ 4

10(3.45%)

2(2.30%)

8(3.94%)

 

Tumor location, n(%)

   

0.427

Head/ Uncinate

193(66.55%)

62(71.26%)

131(64.53%)

 

Body/ Tail

97(33.45%)

26(28.74%)

71(35.47%)

 

Bile duct dilatation, n(%)

   

0.479

No

136(46.90%)

38(43.68%)

98(48.27%)

 

Yes

154(53.10%)

49(56.32%)

105(51.73%)

 

Pancreatic duct dilatation, n(%)

   

0.259

No

108(37.24%)

30(34.48%)

78(38.42%)

 

Yes

182(62.76%)

57(65.52%)

125(61.58%)

 

Vascular invasion, n(%)

   

0.197

No

214(73.79%)

58(66.67%)

156(76.76%)

 

Yes

76(26.21%)

29(33.33%)

47(23.24%)

 

Suspected lymph node involvement, n(%)

   

0.316

No

179(61.72%)

51(56.62%)

128(63.04%)

 

Yes

111(38.28%)

36(43.38%)

75(36.96%)

 

Peripheral organ invasion, n(%)

   

0.844

No

197(67.93%)

60(68.97%)

137(67.48%)

 

Yes

93(32.07%)

27(31.03%)

66(32.52%)

 

Tumor enhancement pattern, n(%)

   

0.263

Non–rim

172(59.31%)

56(64.37%)

116(57.14%)

 

Rim enhancement

118(40.69%)

31(35.63%)

87(42.86%)

 

Recurrence–free survival

   

0.714

Unrecurrence

75(25.86%)

21(24.14%)

54(26.73%)

 

Recurrence

215(74.14%)

66(75.86%)

149(73.27%)

 
  1. SD standard deviation, M Median, Q₁ 1st Quartile, Q₃ 3rd Quartile.
  2. BMI body mass index, MCHC mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, AST glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, APTT activated partial thromboplastin time, MCH mean corpuscular haemoglobin, AJCC American joint committee on cancer.
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