Fig. 1

Operational architecture of the Mera Gaon Hamara Jal platform. The multi-level, multi-stakeholder decision module (MMDM) transforms household-level data into threshold-based binary matrices, computes composite risk scores, and routes insights to stakeholders through dynamic decision logic across five governance levels. (PRA – Participatory Rural Appraisal; HCD – Human-Centred Design; FGD – Focus Group Discussion; MMDM – Multi-level, Multi-stakeholder Decision Module; NGO – Non-Governmental Organisation).