Table 12 Comparison of TOPSIS and Hybrid TOPSIS–GOA Results with Confirmatory Experiment Data.
Method | A (w) | B (m/min) | C (bar) | D (mm) | Kerf taper (θ°) | Kerf width (mm) | Surface roughness Ra (µm) | HAZ (µm) | Closeness coefficient (Ci*) | Overall improvement |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
TOPSIS | 1600 | 1 | 10 | − 5 | 3.186 | 0.526 | 4.09 | 142.11 | 0.725 | |
TOPSIS-based GOA | 1600 | 0.5 | 10 | − 5 | 3.012 | 0.510 | 3.98 | 130.5 | 0.734 | |
% improvement | 5.46% | 3.04% | 2.69% | 8.17% | 4.84% |
